B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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What is the role of a mature naive B cell during the initial encounter with a pathogen?

Act as an antigen-presenting cell (correct)

Secrete antibodies to fight the pathogen

Recognize the MHC II–antigen complex

Differentiate into memory B cells

What activates the B cell during the encounter with a pathogen?

Differentiation into plasma B cells

Recognition of MHC II–antigen complex by helper T cells (correct)

Antigen secretion

Recognition of MHC II–antigen complex by memory B cells

What is the role of memory B cells in fighting against the pathogen?

Act as an antigen-presenting cell

Secrete antibodies to fight the pathogen (correct)

Internalize and digest the antigen

Differentiate into plasma cells

What differentiates into memory B cells and plasma cells during the encounter with a pathogen?

B cells Signup and view all the answers

What do plasma B cells do in response to a pathogen?

Secrete antibodies to fight against the pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a helper T cell during the initial encounter with a pathogen?

Recognize the MHC II–antigen complex and activate the B cell Signup and view all the answers

What happens to memory B cells after the initial infection?

Remain in the body for subsequent exposures to generate a faster, stronger response Signup and view all the answers

What leads to differentiation into plasma B cells and memory B cells?

(MHC II) molecule and activation by helper T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using one enzyme-linked anti-mouse 2˚ antibody instead of labeling each of the 5 different mouse 1˚ antibodies with an enzyme?

Reduced cost and time associated with labeling each antibody individually Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the antibody does the enzyme-linked anti-mouse 2˚ antibody bind to?

Fc region Signup and view all the answers

In lateral flow immunoassay, what is the purpose of the chicken IgY antibodies present in the conjugation pad?

To act as a negative control Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the appearance of a colored line on the control line in lateral flow immunoassay?

It indicates that insufficient sample volume was used Signup and view all the answers

What happens when antigen in the sample solution flows through a lateral flow immunoassay?

It binds to tagged antibodies along the way Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of excess tagged antibodies in a lateral flow immunoassay?

They bind to surface-bound antibodies at the control line Signup and view all the answers

What is common to both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies used for research?

They can be used in lateral flow immunoassay Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antibody-bound antigens in a lateral flow immunoassay?

They bind specifically to tagged antibodies at the test line Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the random gene recombination and mRNA splicing in the antigen-binding sites?

Tremendous diversity Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of complement proteins in the blood?

They destroy pathogens by opening pores in their membranes Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using enzyme-labeled 2˚ antibodies?

They can bind to different 1˚ antibodies from the same organism Signup and view all the answers

What happens when antibodies bind to different pathogens?

The clumping of pathogens increases their removal by phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What type of immune system do antibodies belong to?

Adaptive immune system Signup and view all the answers

What do certain complement proteins do to pathogens?

They form attack complexes that destroy pathogens by opening pores in their membranes Signup and view all the answers

What results from binding of antibodies to different pathogens?

Clumping of pathogens resulting in increased removal by phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers