Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main function of M cells in the immune system?
What is the main function of M cells in the immune system?
Thymic selection ensures that all T cells are able to recognize self MHC molecules.
Thymic selection ensures that all T cells are able to recognize self MHC molecules.
False
What type of immunity do antibodies, predominantly IgA, provide?
What type of immunity do antibodies, predominantly IgA, provide?
Mucosal immunity
The intestinal tract contains aggregated lymphoid nodules called ______.
The intestinal tract contains aggregated lymphoid nodules called ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Which cells are primarily involved in the antigen presentation process?
Which cells are primarily involved in the antigen presentation process?
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following components with their functions:
Match the following components with their functions:
Signup and view all the answers
Pathogens destined to live intracellularly can enter the body through the respiratory tract.
Pathogens destined to live intracellularly can enter the body through the respiratory tract.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of CD4+ T helper cells?
What is the primary function of CD4+ T helper cells?
Signup and view all the answers
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) express CD4 molecules.
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) express CD4 molecules.
Signup and view all the answers
What type of proteins do cytotoxic T cells interact with to recognize the cells they need to kill?
What type of proteins do cytotoxic T cells interact with to recognize the cells they need to kill?
Signup and view all the answers
CD4+ T helper cells bind to MHC class ______ molecules.
CD4+ T helper cells bind to MHC class ______ molecules.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the type of T cell with its primary function:
Match the type of T cell with its primary function:
Signup and view all the answers
Which cells are known for presenting antigens using MHC class II molecules?
Which cells are known for presenting antigens using MHC class II molecules?
Signup and view all the answers
CD8+ T cells rely on cytokine signaling to kill target cells.
CD8+ T cells rely on cytokine signaling to kill target cells.
Signup and view all the answers
What glycoprotein do CD4+ T helper cells express?
What glycoprotein do CD4+ T helper cells express?
Signup and view all the answers
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are also known as ______ T cells.
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are also known as ______ T cells.
Signup and view all the answers
What type of cells do cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) primarily target?
What type of cells do cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) primarily target?
Signup and view all the answers
Naïve T cells have encountered at least one antigen in their lifetime.
Naïve T cells have encountered at least one antigen in their lifetime.
Signup and view all the answers
What do T helper cells secrete to activate other immune cells?
What do T helper cells secrete to activate other immune cells?
Signup and view all the answers
Cytotoxic T cells are also known as ______.
Cytotoxic T cells are also known as ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following T cell types with their functions:
Match the following T cell types with their functions:
Signup and view all the answers
What molecule do T helper cells recognize on antigen-presenting cells?
What molecule do T helper cells recognize on antigen-presenting cells?
Signup and view all the answers
Cytokines produced by Th1 cells are involved in activating macrophages.
Cytokines produced by Th1 cells are involved in activating macrophages.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of APCs in the activation of T cells?
What is the role of APCs in the activation of T cells?
Signup and view all the answers
T cells that have been activated and can produce cytokines are known as _____ cells.
T cells that have been activated and can produce cytokines are known as _____ cells.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of T regulatory cells?
What is the function of T regulatory cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of a vaccine?
What is the primary purpose of a vaccine?
Signup and view all the answers
Attenuated vaccines are safe to administer to immunocompromised patients.
Attenuated vaccines are safe to administer to immunocompromised patients.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of herd immunity?
What is the significance of herd immunity?
Signup and view all the answers
Variolation in the 1400s was a procedure used for smallpox prevention involving inoculation from dried smallpox ______.
Variolation in the 1400s was a procedure used for smallpox prevention involving inoculation from dried smallpox ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following types of vaccines to their characteristics:
Match the following types of vaccines to their characteristics:
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CD8+ T Cells)?
What is the primary function of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CD8+ T Cells)?
Signup and view all the answers
Natural killer (NK) cells require antigen presentation to function effectively.
Natural killer (NK) cells require antigen presentation to function effectively.
Signup and view all the answers
What process is triggered by the release of perforin and granzymes from CTLs?
What process is triggered by the release of perforin and granzymes from CTLs?
Signup and view all the answers
Apoptosis helps prevent the spread of __________ to nearby healthy cells.
Apoptosis helps prevent the spread of __________ to nearby healthy cells.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the immune cell types with their main functions:
Match the immune cell types with their main functions:
Signup and view all the answers
How does a CTL contribute to the death of a target cell?
How does a CTL contribute to the death of a target cell?
Signup and view all the answers
NK cells make up 5–20% of all circulating lymphocytes.
NK cells make up 5–20% of all circulating lymphocytes.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of phagocytes in the process of apoptosis?
What is the role of phagocytes in the process of apoptosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes recognize abnormal cells through __________ class I molecules.
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes recognize abnormal cells through __________ class I molecules.
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to the genome of a cell undergoing apoptosis?
What happens to the genome of a cell undergoing apoptosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
B Cell Activation and Antibody Production
- B cells produce antibodies in response to antigens
- Antigens are internalized and displayed on MHC-2 complexes
- Helper T cells recognize the antigen on MHC-2 complex
- Helper T cells secrete cytokines
- Cytokines stimulate B cells to proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells
- Plasma cells are antibody-secreting cells
Results of Antigen-Antibody Binding
- Agglutination: Antibodies combine with multiple antigens, causing clumping. This makes it easier for macrophages to engulf and destroy the pathogens.
- Opsonization: Antibodies coat pathogens, allowing macrophages to recognize and engulf them more efficiently.
- Activation of complement: Antibodies activate a cascade of proteins that enhance inflammation and pathogen destruction.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz explores the mechanisms behind B cell activation and antibody production, including the role of antigens and helper T cells. It examines the processes of agglutination, opsonization, and complement activation in pathogen destruction. Test your understanding of immunology concepts in this concise quiz.
