Questions and Answers
What part of the skeleton does the axial skeleton refer to?
What is the definition of the skull?
A framework of bone or cartilage enclosing the brain of a vertebrate.
What is the cranium?
The part of the skull enclosing the brain.
What region is the frontal bone located in?
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What do the parietal bones form in the skull?
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What is the function of the temporal bone?
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Where is the sphenoid bone located?
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What shape is the occipital bone?
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What is the definition of external auditory meatus?
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What passes through the foramen magnum?
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What do the nasal bones form?
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Where is the ethmoid bone located?
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What is the lacrimal bone?
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What does the zygomatic bone form?
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What is the maxilla?
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What is the mandible?
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What does the hyoid bone support?
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What is another term for the vertebral column?
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What do cervical vertebrae do?
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How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
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What are lumbar vertebrae?
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What is the sacrum?
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What is the coccyx?
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What does the thorax refer to in mammals?
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What is the sternum commonly known as?
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What do ribs protect?
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Study Notes
Axial Skeleton Overview
- Comprises bones of the head and trunk in vertebrates.
- In humans, consists of 80 bones.
Skull
- Framework of bone or cartilage encasing the brain.
Cranial Bones
- Cranium: Encloses the brain.
- Frontal Bone: Located in the forehead region.
- Parietal Bone: Forms sides and roof of the cranium; quadrilateral in shape.
- Temporal Bone: Encloses middle and inner ear, located at the sides of the skull.
- Sphenoid Bone: Base of the cranium, features lateral wings and air-filled sinuses.
- Occipital Bone: Trapezoidal shape, located at the lower back of the cranium.
- Ethmoid Bone: Separates nasal cavity from the brain; located at the roof of the nose.
- Nasal Bone: Forms the bridge of the nose; two small oblong bones.
- Lacrimal Bone: Part of the eye socket.
- Zygomatic Bone: Forms the cheek's prominence and outer eye socket.
Jaw and Hyoid Bones
- Maxilla: The upper jaw in vertebrates.
- Mandible: The lower jaw, especially in mammals and fishes.
- Hyoid: U-shaped bone in the neck, supports the tongue.
Vertebral Column
- Also known as the spine or backbone.
- Cervical Vertebrae: Small and delicate; support the head and protect the spinal cord.
- Thoracic Vertebrae: Twelve bones attached to the ribs.
- Lumbar Vertebrae: Five vertebrae between the thoracic and sacral vertebrae.
- Sacrum: Triangular bone in the lower back, formed from fused vertebrae and positioned between hipbones.
- Coccyx: Small, triangular bone at the spinal column's base.
Thorax and Related Structures
- Thorax: Area between neck and abdomen; encases vital organs of circulation and respiration.
- Sternum: Breastbone; relevant in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
- Ribs: Twelve pairs of curved bones protecting the thoracic cavity and its organs.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the axial skeleton and its components, including the various cranial bones and jaw structures. This quiz will cover the key features and functions of the bones in the head and trunk of vertebrates. Perfect for students studying human anatomy.
