AWS Lambda Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements is NOT true about AWS Lambda functions?

  • You can log in to the compute instances that run Lambda functions and customize the operating system. (correct)
  • Lambda functions can access resources inside your private VPC with proper configuration.
  • You can specify the amount of memory you need allocated to your Lambda functions.
  • Lambda functions can scale up to tens of thousands of concurrent executions.

    • What is the maximum memory you can request for a Lambda function?

  • 5120 MB
  • 10240 MB (correct)
  • 2048 MB
  • 1000 MB

    • How does AWS Lambda allocate CPU power to your functions?

  • Proportional to the memory you specify, using the same ratio as a general purpose EC2 instance type. (correct)
  • Based on the number of requests your function receives.
  • Based on a fixed amount of CPU power allocated to each function.
  • Based on the time your function takes to execute.

    • Which of the following is NOT a way to invoke a Lambda function?

    <p>Using a web browser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a Lambda function is triggered?

    <p>The function is executed in a container that is isolated from other functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using event source mappings in AWS Lambda?

    <p>To process items from a stream or queue in services that don't invoke Lambda functions directly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the IAM role assumed by a Lambda function?

    <p>To allow the function to access resources like S3 buckets or DynamoDB tables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these services invoke Lambda functions asynchronously and have their configuration made on the source service, not Lambda?

    <p>Amazon S3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between invoking a Lambda function synchronously and asynchronously?

    <p>Synchronous invocation waits for a response from the function, while asynchronous invocation doesn't.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of versioning in AWS Lambda?

    <p>To manage the deployment of different versions of a function, including testing and production versions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the $LATEST version of a Lambda function and a numbered version?

    <p>The $LATEST version is the most recent version of the code, while numbered versions are older versions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a supported AWS event source for invoking Lambda functions?

    <p>Amazon Redshift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a dead letter queue (DLQ) in AWS Lambda?

    <p>To store events that have failed to be processed after multiple retries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a valid destination for Lambda asynchronous invocation results using the Destinations feature?

    <p>Amazon DynamoDB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you throttle a Lambda function to prevent events from being processed?

    <p>By setting the reserved concurrency to zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Lambda@Edge?

    <p>To run code across AWS locations globally, reducing latency for end users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of layers that a Lambda function can use?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Provisioned Concurrency affect the scaling behavior of a Lambda function?

    <p>It enhances scaling with burst behavior similar to standard concurrency, but with lower latency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Lambda aliases?

    <p>To point to a specific version of a Lambda function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios can utilize alias traffic shifting?

    <p>Incrementally routing traffic to new function versions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done if a Lambda function requires external libraries?

    <p>Packages need to be included in a zip file with the code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the concurrency limit is exceeded for a Lambda function?

    <p>The invocation results in a throttle and a TooManyRequestsException may occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of setting reserved concurrency for a Lambda function?

    <p>To guarantee a certain number of concurrent executions are always available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Lambda handlers is true?

    <p>A handler is the entry point that Lambda invokes to execute your code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum unzipped deployment size allowed for an AWS Lambda function?

    <p>250 MB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which service is used to visualize the components of an application and identify performance bottlenecks in AWS Lambda?

    <p>AWS X-Ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you avoid doing to optimize the performance of your Lambda functions?

    <p>Running time-consuming tasks within the function handler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for the AWS X-Ray daemon to function correctly with Lambda?

    <p>The execution role must have permissions to write to X-Ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does AWS Lambda primarily charge for its usage?

    <p>Number of requests and duration of execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the AWS X-Ray SDKs in relation to Lambda?

    <p>To gather raw segment data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should you consider placing a Lambda function in a VPC?

    <p>When enhanced security is required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does AWS Lambda automatically track in terms of function performance?

    <p>Number of requests and latency per request</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suggested best practice regarding the size of deployment packages for Lambda functions?

    <p>Minimize size to runtime necessities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of latency may occur when a Lambda function is not needed to be in a VPC?

    <p>Initialization latency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you specify the amount of memory for your Lambda function?

    <p>AWS Lambda allocates CPU power proportional to the memory you specify using the same ratio as a general purpose EC2 instance type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to enable your Lambda function to access resources inside your private VPC?

    <p>Providing additional VPC-specific configuration information that includes VPC subnet IDs and security group IDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Lambda provide scaling?

    <p>Scales out and concurrently executes functions up to the default limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does AWS Lambda store code?

    <p>Amazon S3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Lambda functions?

    <p>Serverless and independent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you invoke a Lambda function?

    <p>Through the Lambda console, the Lambda API, the AWS SDK, the AWS CLI, and AWS toolkits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a Lambda alias?

    <p>To point to a specific Lambda version</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of traffic shifting in Lambda aliases?

    <p>To test a new Lambda version with production traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the concurrency limit is exceeded for a Lambda function?

    <p>The function is throttled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of setting reserved concurrency for a Lambda function?

    <p>To guarantee a set number of concurrent executions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done if a Lambda function requires external libraries?

    <p>Install the packages with the code and zip it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a Lambda handler?

    <p>To execute the code in a Lambda function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Provisioned Concurrency in AWS Lambda?

    <p>To scale a function with low latency and handle additional requests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Dead Letter Queue (DLQ) in AWS Lambda?

    <p>To save discarded events for further processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of layers a Lambda function can use?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Lambda@Edge?

    <p>To run code across AWS locations globally without provisioning or managing servers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when all provisioned concurrency is in use?

    <p>The function scales up normally to handle additional requests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Destinations in AWS Lambda?

    <p>To route asynchronous function results to different destinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a Lambda function is configured to access resources in a particular VPC?

    <p>It can access only resources within that VPC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which permission is necessary for a Lambda function to connect to a VPC?

    <p>AWSLambdaVPCAccessExecutionRole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a Lambda function is invoked synchronously?

    <p>Lambda waits for the function to execute and returns a response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement describes the characteristics of asynchronous invocation in AWS Lambda?

    <p>Lambda automatically handles retries and records events for processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you enable your Lambda function for tracing?

    <p>Using AWS X-Ray.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must you do to enable health checks for target groups of type Lambda in an Application Load Balancer?

    <p>Enable health checks in the load balancer settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are different versions of a Lambda function managed?

    <p>Numbered versions are immutable and cannot be edited once published.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do event sources play in invoking AWS Lambda functions?

    <p>They produce events that trigger Lambda functions and are often user-configured.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum execution duration allowed per request for a Lambda function?

    <p>900 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a qualified ARN and a standard ARN for a Lambda function?

    <p>A qualified ARN has a version suffix and points to a specific version.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Lambda deployment in a VPC is true?

    <p>A NAT Gateway must be configured for internet access when a Lambda function is in a VPC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the event source mapping configuration established for stream-based services in AWS Lambda?

    <p>Configuration for streams like DynamoDB is done on the Lambda side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should you consider placing a Lambda function in a VPC?

    <p>When the function requires access to resources within a private subnet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the AWS X-Ray SDKs in relation to Lambda?

    <p>To gather trace data from Lambda functions and send it to the X-Ray service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does AWS Lambda automatically track in terms of function performance?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suggested best practice regarding the size of deployment packages for Lambda functions?

    <p>Minimize deployment packages size to runtime necessities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of latency may occur when a Lambda function is not needed to be in a VPC?

    <p>Latency caused by cold starts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for the AWS X-Ray daemon to function correctly with Lambda?

    <p>The Lambda function must have permissions to write to X-Ray in the execution role.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does AWS Lambda primarily charge for its usage?

    <p>Based on the duration of the function execution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these options are correct? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Avoid using recursive code, never have a Lambda function call itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you avoid doing to optimize the performance of your Lambda functions?

    <p>Performing one-off time-consuming tasks within the function handler.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using environment variables for configuration in Lambda functions?

    <p>To store sensitive information like API keys or database credentials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using provisioned concurrency in AWS Lambda?

    <p>To serve incoming requests with very low latency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you invoke a Lambda function synchronously?

    <p>Lambda runs the function and waits for a response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a dead-letter queue (DLQ) in AWS Lambda?

    <p>To handle message failures for all asynchronous invocations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an event source mapping in AWS Lambda?

    <p>To process items from a stream or queue in services that don’t invoke Lambda functions directly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the $LATEST version of a Lambda function?

    <p>It is the latest version of the code and is mutable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many layers can a Lambda function use at a time?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Lambda@Edge?

    <p>To run code across AWS locations globally without provisioning or managing servers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional configuration information is required to enable a Lambda function to access resources within a private VPC?

    <p>VPC subnet IDs and security group IDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when Lambda can’t add an event to the queue for asynchronous invocation?

    <p>The error message appears in the command output.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the function version information in AWS Lambda?

    <p>The function’s ARN and version number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when all provisioned concurrency is in use?

    <p>The function scales up normally to handle any additional requests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between memory and CPU allocation for Lambda functions?

    <p>CPU allocation is proportional to memory allocation, based on a specific ratio.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a valid way to invoke a Lambda function?

    <p>Using a dedicated Lambda invocation service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Lambda function’s execution role?

    <p>To read and manage items in the event source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using Application Auto Scaling for provisioned concurrency?

    <p>To automatically adjust provisioned concurrency levels based on the utilization metric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Lambda ensure scalability for concurrent executions?

    <p>By scaling out to execute functions concurrently on multiple instances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum memory you can request for a Lambda function?

    <p>10240 MB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these options describes how Lambda provides continuous scaling?

    <p>It dynamically creates new instances to handle increased concurrency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended size of deployment packages for Lambda functions?

    <p>Minimize to runtime necessities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does AWS Lambda automatically track in terms of function performance?

    <p>Number of requests and latency per request</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AWS X-Ray daemon in Lambda?

    <p>To gather raw segment data and relay it to the X-Ray service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should you consider placing a Lambda function in a VPC?

    <p>Only when necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism behind Lambda function billing?

    <p>Execution time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for a Lambda function to connect to a VPC?

    <p>A private subnet with a NAT gateway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended best practice for one-off time-consuming tasks in Lambda?

    <p>Perform them outside of the function handler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum ephemeral disk capacity per invocation for a Lambda function?

    <p>512 MB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum deployment size (unzipped) allowed for an AWS Lambda function?

    <p>250 MB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does AWS Lambda use to monitor function performance?

    <p>CloudWatch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM)?

    <p>To deploy and manage serverless applications on AWS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an Application Load Balancer forwards a request to a target group with a Lambda function as a target?

    <p>The Lambda function is invoked and the request is passed in JSON format</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for the AWS X-Ray daemon to function correctly with Lambda?

    <p>Write access to X-Ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum execution duration per request for a Lambda function?

    <p>900 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AWS X-Ray SDKs in relation to Lambda?

    <p>To send trace data to X-Ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the default configuration for health checks in target groups of type lambda?

    <p>Disabled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using Lambda aliases?

    <p>They enable traffic shifting between versions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does AWS Lambda handle concurrent executions when multiple events are triggered?

    <p>It creates new instances to handle each event separately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of setting reserved concurrency at the function level?

    <p>To ensure a guaranteed number of executions for critical functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about traffic shifting with Lambda aliases?

    <p>Weights can be assigned to control traffic routing to different versions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the concurrency limit for a Lambda function is exceeded?

    <p>A TooManyRequestsException is triggered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for the AWS Lambda function handler?

    <p>It must be defined as an instance or static method in a class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    AWS Lambda Overview

    • AWS Lambda allows running code as functions without server management.
    • Applications are event-driven, with functions triggered by specific events.
    • Lambda operates in a serverless environment, abstracting server management.
    • Users cannot access underlying compute instances or customize operating systems.

    Lambda Function Characteristics

    • Memory can be allocated from 128 MB to 10,240 MB in 1 MB increments, affecting CPU power.
    • Functions can access resources in a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) with specific configuration.
    • AWS Lambda functions execute within a maximum execution timeout, typically around 15 minutes.

    Invocation Types

    • Functions can be invoked synchronously, requiring a response, or asynchronously, not waiting for a response.
    • Synchronous invocation returns status and executed version, while asynchronous will queue events and handle retries.

    Event Sources & Triggers

    • Lambda can be triggered by AWS services like S3, DynamoDB, and CloudWatch Events.
    • An event source mapping enables processing of items from streams or queues.
    • Permissions are required for applications to invoke Lambda functions.

    Version Control and Aliases

    • Lambda allows versioning, enabling multiple versions managed separately.
    • Aliases serve as pointers to specific versions, facilitating traffic management and deployment strategies.
    • Blue/green deployment is supported through traffic shifting, allowing percentage-based traffic distribution across function versions.

    Function Dependencies and Code Management

    • Dependencies must be packaged with the function code, with size limits for uploads.
    • Native libraries require compilation on Amazon Linux.
    • AWS SDK is included by default with every Lambda function.

    Concurrency Management

    • Initial traffic can reach high concurrency levels, with the default limit set at 1000 executions per second.
    • Burst concurrency can scale, but exceeding limits results in throttling, returning errors.
    • Reserved concurrency guarantees minimum instances available for critical functions.

    Provisioned Concurrency

    • Provisioned concurrency can be set for low-latency requests and scales with application load.
    • Application Auto Scaling can automatically adjust provisioned concurrency based on utilization.

    Success and Failure Destinations

    • Asynchronous invocations can route results to destinations like SNS, SQS, or EventBridge.
    • Dead Letter Queues (DLQ) store failed events for later processing and must be configured for each version.

    Lambda Layers

    • Layers allow the inclusion of additional libraries and dependencies without bloating deployment packages.
    • Functions can access up to five layers at once, extracted to the /opt directory.

    Lambda@Edge

    • Lambda@Edge enables running code in response to CloudFront events globally.
    • It allows customization of content delivery based on user requests and executes functions without server management.

    VPC Integration

    • Lambda can connect to private subnets in a VPC, needing specific configuration for Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs).
    • Internet access requires a NAT Gateway routing traffic appropriately.
    • Connecting functions to a VPC may slow execution, so it should be approached cautiously.

    Application Management

    • AWS SAM is used to deploy and manage serverless applications.
    • Lambda can be integrated with Application Load Balancers (ALBs) as targets for HTTP requests.

    Monitoring and Operations

    • AWS Lambda automatically monitors metrics through CloudWatch for request tracking and error reporting.
    • X-Ray integrates with Lambda for tracing requests and identifying performance issues.

    Development Best Practices

    • Minimize deployment package size and avoid recursive function calls.
    • Utilize environment variables for configuration, and avoid connecting functions to VPC unless necessary.

    Lambda Limitations

    • Memory allocation ranges from 128 MB to 10,240 MB, with 512 MB ephemeral storage and 4 KB maximum for environment variables.
    • Maximum execution duration per request is 900 seconds.

    Pricing Model

    • Pricing is based on the number of requests and the compute time consumed during function execution.

    AWS Lambda Overview

    • AWS Lambda allows running code as functions without server management.
    • Applications are event-driven, with functions triggered by specific events.
    • Lambda operates in a serverless environment, abstracting server management.
    • Users cannot access underlying compute instances or customize operating systems.

    Lambda Function Characteristics

    • Memory can be allocated from 128 MB to 10,240 MB in 1 MB increments, affecting CPU power.
    • Functions can access resources in a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) with specific configuration.
    • AWS Lambda functions execute within a maximum execution timeout, typically around 15 minutes.

    Invocation Types

    • Functions can be invoked synchronously, requiring a response, or asynchronously, not waiting for a response.
    • Synchronous invocation returns status and executed version, while asynchronous will queue events and handle retries.

    Event Sources & Triggers

    • Lambda can be triggered by AWS services like S3, DynamoDB, and CloudWatch Events.
    • An event source mapping enables processing of items from streams or queues.
    • Permissions are required for applications to invoke Lambda functions.

    Version Control and Aliases

    • Lambda allows versioning, enabling multiple versions managed separately.
    • Aliases serve as pointers to specific versions, facilitating traffic management and deployment strategies.
    • Blue/green deployment is supported through traffic shifting, allowing percentage-based traffic distribution across function versions.

    Function Dependencies and Code Management

    • Dependencies must be packaged with the function code, with size limits for uploads.
    • Native libraries require compilation on Amazon Linux.
    • AWS SDK is included by default with every Lambda function.

    Concurrency Management

    • Initial traffic can reach high concurrency levels, with the default limit set at 1000 executions per second.
    • Burst concurrency can scale, but exceeding limits results in throttling, returning errors.
    • Reserved concurrency guarantees minimum instances available for critical functions.

    Provisioned Concurrency

    • Provisioned concurrency can be set for low-latency requests and scales with application load.
    • Application Auto Scaling can automatically adjust provisioned concurrency based on utilization.

    Success and Failure Destinations

    • Asynchronous invocations can route results to destinations like SNS, SQS, or EventBridge.
    • Dead Letter Queues (DLQ) store failed events for later processing and must be configured for each version.

    Lambda Layers

    • Layers allow the inclusion of additional libraries and dependencies without bloating deployment packages.
    • Functions can access up to five layers at once, extracted to the /opt directory.

    Lambda@Edge

    • Lambda@Edge enables running code in response to CloudFront events globally.
    • It allows customization of content delivery based on user requests and executes functions without server management.

    VPC Integration

    • Lambda can connect to private subnets in a VPC, needing specific configuration for Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs).
    • Internet access requires a NAT Gateway routing traffic appropriately.
    • Connecting functions to a VPC may slow execution, so it should be approached cautiously.

    Application Management

    • AWS SAM is used to deploy and manage serverless applications.
    • Lambda can be integrated with Application Load Balancers (ALBs) as targets for HTTP requests.

    Monitoring and Operations

    • AWS Lambda automatically monitors metrics through CloudWatch for request tracking and error reporting.
    • X-Ray integrates with Lambda for tracing requests and identifying performance issues.

    Development Best Practices

    • Minimize deployment package size and avoid recursive function calls.
    • Utilize environment variables for configuration, and avoid connecting functions to VPC unless necessary.

    Lambda Limitations

    • Memory allocation ranges from 128 MB to 10,240 MB, with 512 MB ephemeral storage and 4 KB maximum for environment variables.
    • Maximum execution duration per request is 900 seconds.

    Pricing Model

    • Pricing is based on the number of requests and the compute time consumed during function execution.

    AWS Lambda Overview

    • AWS Lambda allows running code as functions without server management.
    • Applications are event-driven, with functions triggered by specific events.
    • Lambda operates in a serverless environment, abstracting server management.
    • Users cannot access underlying compute instances or customize operating systems.

    Lambda Function Characteristics

    • Memory can be allocated from 128 MB to 10,240 MB in 1 MB increments, affecting CPU power.
    • Functions can access resources in a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) with specific configuration.
    • AWS Lambda functions execute within a maximum execution timeout, typically around 15 minutes.

    Invocation Types

    • Functions can be invoked synchronously, requiring a response, or asynchronously, not waiting for a response.
    • Synchronous invocation returns status and executed version, while asynchronous will queue events and handle retries.

    Event Sources & Triggers

    • Lambda can be triggered by AWS services like S3, DynamoDB, and CloudWatch Events.
    • An event source mapping enables processing of items from streams or queues.
    • Permissions are required for applications to invoke Lambda functions.

    Version Control and Aliases

    • Lambda allows versioning, enabling multiple versions managed separately.
    • Aliases serve as pointers to specific versions, facilitating traffic management and deployment strategies.
    • Blue/green deployment is supported through traffic shifting, allowing percentage-based traffic distribution across function versions.

    Function Dependencies and Code Management

    • Dependencies must be packaged with the function code, with size limits for uploads.
    • Native libraries require compilation on Amazon Linux.
    • AWS SDK is included by default with every Lambda function.

    Concurrency Management

    • Initial traffic can reach high concurrency levels, with the default limit set at 1000 executions per second.
    • Burst concurrency can scale, but exceeding limits results in throttling, returning errors.
    • Reserved concurrency guarantees minimum instances available for critical functions.

    Provisioned Concurrency

    • Provisioned concurrency can be set for low-latency requests and scales with application load.
    • Application Auto Scaling can automatically adjust provisioned concurrency based on utilization.

    Success and Failure Destinations

    • Asynchronous invocations can route results to destinations like SNS, SQS, or EventBridge.
    • Dead Letter Queues (DLQ) store failed events for later processing and must be configured for each version.

    Lambda Layers

    • Layers allow the inclusion of additional libraries and dependencies without bloating deployment packages.
    • Functions can access up to five layers at once, extracted to the /opt directory.

    Lambda@Edge

    • Lambda@Edge enables running code in response to CloudFront events globally.
    • It allows customization of content delivery based on user requests and executes functions without server management.

    VPC Integration

    • Lambda can connect to private subnets in a VPC, needing specific configuration for Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs).
    • Internet access requires a NAT Gateway routing traffic appropriately.
    • Connecting functions to a VPC may slow execution, so it should be approached cautiously.

    Application Management

    • AWS SAM is used to deploy and manage serverless applications.
    • Lambda can be integrated with Application Load Balancers (ALBs) as targets for HTTP requests.

    Monitoring and Operations

    • AWS Lambda automatically monitors metrics through CloudWatch for request tracking and error reporting.
    • X-Ray integrates with Lambda for tracing requests and identifying performance issues.

    Development Best Practices

    • Minimize deployment package size and avoid recursive function calls.
    • Utilize environment variables for configuration, and avoid connecting functions to VPC unless necessary.

    Lambda Limitations

    • Memory allocation ranges from 128 MB to 10,240 MB, with 512 MB ephemeral storage and 4 KB maximum for environment variables.
    • Maximum execution duration per request is 900 seconds.

    Pricing Model

    • Pricing is based on the number of requests and the compute time consumed during function execution.

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    Learn about AWS Lambda, a serverless environment for event-driven applications, and its function characteristics such as memory allocation and resource access.

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