Podcast
Questions and Answers
What happens to EBS volume data when the instance it's attached to is terminated?
What happens to EBS volume data when the instance it's attached to is terminated?
- The data is deleted
- The data persists independently of the instance (correct)
- The data is replicated across multiple AZs
- The data is moved to an S3 bucket
What is the primary use case for Amazon EFS?
What is the primary use case for Amazon EFS?
- For storing large amounts of unstructured data
- For dedicated storage for a single instance
- For shared storage across multiple EC2 instances (correct)
- For storing sensitive data
What is the annual failure rate of EBS?
What is the annual failure rate of EBS?
- 0.1%-0.5%
- 0.5%-1%
- 0.1%-0.2% (correct)
- 1%-2%
What is the default behavior for the root EBS volume when an instance is terminated?
What is the default behavior for the root EBS volume when an instance is terminated?
How can you migrate an EBS volume between availability zones?
How can you migrate an EBS volume between availability zones?
What is the purpose of Elastic Volumes?
What is the purpose of Elastic Volumes?
What type of EBS volume is suitable for workloads that need throughput rather than IOPS?
What type of EBS volume is suitable for workloads that need throughput rather than IOPS?
What is the default behavior for the root device?
What is the default behavior for the root device?
What is the primary purpose of an instance store?
What is the primary purpose of an instance store?
What is the maximum number of EBS volumes you can have by default?
What is the maximum number of EBS volumes you can have by default?
What happens to an instance store volume when an instance terminates?
What happens to an instance store volume when an instance terminates?
What is a characteristic of an EBS-backed instance?
What is a characteristic of an EBS-backed instance?
What is the purpose of an EBS snapshot?
What is the purpose of an EBS snapshot?
What type of storage is ideal for high I/O performance and low latency?
What type of storage is ideal for high I/O performance and low latency?
What is the difference between an EBS-backed instance and an instance store-backed instance?
What is the difference between an EBS-backed instance and an instance store-backed instance?
What is the benefit of using EBS optimized instances?
What is the benefit of using EBS optimized instances?
What happens to the data on an EBS volume when an instance is stopped?
What happens to the data on an EBS volume when an instance is stopped?
What is the benefit of using Amazon EBS Snapshots?
What is the benefit of using Amazon EBS Snapshots?
What happens when you delete a snapshot?
What happens when you delete a snapshot?
What is required to take a consistent snapshot?
What is required to take a consistent snapshot?
Where are EBS volumes specific to?
Where are EBS volumes specific to?
Can you change the encryption state of a volume directly?
Can you change the encryption state of a volume directly?
What is the algorithm used by EBS to encrypt volumes?
What is the algorithm used by EBS to encrypt volumes?
What is required to encrypt a volume or snapshot?
What is required to encrypt a volume or snapshot?
What happens to the data key when you create an encrypted EBS volume?
What happens to the data key when you create an encrypted EBS volume?
Can you share encrypted snapshots created using a default CMK key?
Can you share encrypted snapshots created using a default CMK key?
What is the scope of the IOPS performance for encrypted volumes?
What is the scope of the IOPS performance for encrypted volumes?
Can you make encrypted snapshots public?
Can you make encrypted snapshots public?
What must the receiving account do after a snapshot is shared with it?
What must the receiving account do after a snapshot is shared with it?
Which type of Amazon Machine Image (AMI) can be backed up using application-consistent snapshots?
Which type of Amazon Machine Image (AMI) can be backed up using application-consistent snapshots?
Which RAID level provides both increased performance and redundancy?
Which RAID level provides both increased performance and redundancy?
What is the default behavior for root EBS volumes upon termination of an EC2 instance?
What is the default behavior for root EBS volumes upon termination of an EC2 instance?
Which method is NOT used to increase IOPS in Amazon EBS?
Which method is NOT used to increase IOPS in Amazon EBS?
What must be modified to change the deletion behavior of extra non-boot volumes on termination?
What must be modified to change the deletion behavior of extra non-boot volumes on termination?
Which Amazon EBS volume type automatically sends one-minute metrics to CloudWatch?
Which Amazon EBS volume type automatically sends one-minute metrics to CloudWatch?
Which service provides a record of actions taken by users in Amazon EC2 and EBS?
Which service provides a record of actions taken by users in Amazon EC2 and EBS?
Which RAID configuration is recommended to avoid redundancy?
Which RAID configuration is recommended to avoid redundancy?
Which of the following must a user consider when migrating volumes between Availability Zones (AZs)?
Which of the following must a user consider when migrating volumes between Availability Zones (AZs)?
Study Notes
EBS Overview
- EBS stands for Elastic Block Store, a network-attached storage service that can be attached to EC2 instances.
- EBS volume data persists independently of the life of the instance.
- Multiple EBS volumes can be attached to an instance, and a single EBS volume can be attached to multiple instances (with specific constraints).
- EBS volumes must be in the same Availability Zone (AZ) as the instances they are attached to.
EBS Volume Characteristics
- EBS volume data is replicated across multiple servers in an AZ.
- EBS is designed for an annual failure rate of 0.1%-0.2% and an SLA of 99.95%.
- Termination protection is turned off by default and must be manually enabled to keep the volume/data when the instance is terminated.
- Root EBS volumes are deleted on termination by default, but this behavior can be changed by altering the "DeleteOnTermination" attribute.
Upgrading and Migrating EBS Volumes
- Volume sizes and types can be upgraded without downtime (except for Magnetic standard).
- Elastic Volumes allow increasing volume size, adjusting performance, or changing the volume type while the volume is in use.
- To migrate volumes between AZs, create a snapshot and then create a volume in another AZ from the snapshot (possible to change size and type).
EBS vs Instance Store
- EBS-backed instances have persistent storage, while instance store-backed instances have non-persistent storage.
- Instance store-backed instances cannot be stopped, and data will be lost if the underlying host fails.
- EBS-backed instances can be stopped, and data will not be lost.
EBS Volume Types
- SSD, General Purpose (gp2/gp3)
- SSD, Provisioned IOPS (io1/io2)
- HDD, Throughput Optimized (st1)
- HDD, Cold (sc1)
Amazon EBS Snapshots
- Snapshots capture a point-in-time state of an instance and can be used for cost-effective backups and data sharing.
- Snapshots are stored on Amazon S3 and can be used to migrate a system to a new AZ or region.
- Snapshots can be taken of non-root EBS volumes while running, but writes must be stopped (paused) until the snapshot is complete.
Encryption
- EBS encryption is supported by all EBS volume types and is available on supported instance types.
- Encryption is done using the AES-256 algorithm, and data keys are stored on-disk with the encrypted data.
- Snapshots of encrypted volumes are encrypted automatically, and encrypted volumes restored from snapshots are also encrypted automatically.
AMIs
- An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is a special type of virtual appliance used to create a virtual machine within EC2.
- AMIs are either instance store-backed or EBS-backed.
- EBS-backed AMIs include the following: root device, block device mappings, and RAM disk.
Deployment and Provisioning
- Termination protection is turned off by default and must be manually enabled to keep the volume/data when the instance is terminated.
- Root EBS volumes are deleted on termination by default, but this behavior can be changed by altering the "DeleteOnTermination" attribute.
RAID
- RAID can be used to increase IOPS by striping data across multiple disks.
- RAID 0 = 0 striping, RAID 1 = 1 mirroring, and RAID 10 = combination of RAID 1 and 2.
- RAID is configured through the guest OS.
Monitoring and Reporting
- Amazon EBS sends data points to CloudWatch for several metrics, including read/write throughput, IOPS, and queue length.
- There are two types of Amazon CloudWatch monitoring available for Amazon EBS volumes: basic and detailed monitoring.
Logging and Auditing
- Amazon EC2 and Amazon EBS are integrated with AWS CloudTrail, which provides a record of actions taken by a user, role, or an AWS service.
- CloudTrail captures all API calls for Amazon EC2 and Amazon EBS as events.
Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager (DLM)
- Automates the creation, retention, and deletion of EBS snapshots and EBS-backed AMIs.
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Description
Learn about the basics of Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS), including its data persistence, attachment to EC2 instances, and volume characteristics. Test your knowledge on EBS volumes and their features.