Aviation Systems and Aerodynamics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What happens to lift production when the angle of attack is increased?

  • Lift increases until the critical angle of attack (correct)
  • Lift remains constant
  • Lift is unaffected by angle of attack
  • Lift decreases significantly

What is the primary function of flaps on an aircraft?

  • Increase lift in low airspeed conditions (correct)
  • Enhance fuel efficiency
  • Stabilize the aircraft in turbulence
  • Decrease drag during cruise

Which type of stability is defined as an aircraft's ability to return to level flight after a roll disturbance?

  • Pitch stability
  • Longitudinal stability
  • Directional stability
  • Lateral stability (correct)

How does camber affect the lift produced by an aircraft wing?

<p>Higher camber results in higher lift (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does longitudinal instability in an aircraft indicate?

<p>Uncontrollable pitching of the aircraft (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What maneuver involves rotating an aircraft about its lateral axis?

<p>Pitching (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the Environmental Control System filters and conditions outside air for the aircraft?

<p>Air cycle machine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an emergency oxygen supply in aircraft?

<p>Provide supplemental oxygen to passengers and crew (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a shut-off valve in the fueling process?

<p>Prevent overfilling of the fuel tank (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which advantage is NOT provided by pressurized fuel feed systems?

<p>Reduce fuel consumption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the fuel level indicator display during flight?

<p>Remaining fuel in the tanks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)?

<p>To send out a distress beacon for rescuers to locate the aircraft in distress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is primarily used for manufacturing turbine blades due to high-temperature resistance?

<p>Nickel superalloy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using bimetallic fire detectors in aircraft?

<p>They are entirely mechanical and not susceptible to power failures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the oil cooler in an aircraft engine lubrication system?

<p>Cool down the hot lubricating oil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of titanium in aircraft construction?

<p>It has a high strength to weight ratio and high thermal resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is maintaining the correct weight and balance record important for an aircraft?

<p>To ensure the aircraft’s center of gravity does not move too far from its center of lift (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stroke does the crankshaft reach its top dead center (TDC) position in a 4-stroke cycle?

<p>Compression stroke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does rigging affect an aircraft's center of gravity?

<p>It ensures that all components are installed symmetrically for stability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hydraulic pressure relief valves in an aircraft hydraulic system?

<p>Prevent overpressure from damaging components (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is primarily used in aircraft landing gear for its strength and durability?

<p>Titanium alloy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an aircraft's utility hydraulic system?

<p>To power utility systems such as thrust reversers and slats (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'all up weight' refer to in aviation?

<p>The total weight of an aircraft at the start of a flight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can water contamination in fuel be visually detected?

<p>By observing a layer of water in the fuel sample (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of hydraulic systems in aircraft?

<p>To power flight controls, landing gears, and brakes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if hydraulic fluid is found below the recommended level during maintenance?

<p>Check all components in the hydraulic system for leaks and top-up if none found (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tire construction offers improved puncture resistance?

<p>Tubeless tire (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What documentation is typically updated after completing landing gear maintenance procedures?

<p>SAF 1400-6 (Change of Serviceability and Repair Log) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the shock strut in a landing gear system?

<p>To support the aircraft's weight and absorb landing forces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'all up weight' refer to in aviation?

<p>The weight of an aircraft including all cargo, passengers, and fuel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of landing gear strut is commonly used in modern aircraft?

<p>Oleo strut (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be a potential consequence of a brake system failure during landing?

<p>Runway overrun and loss of control (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of tubeless tires compared to tires with inner tubes?

<p>More puncture resistant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the landing gear shock strut cushion the impact of landing?

<p>By means of compressed air and hydraulic fluid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done during hydraulic maintenance if the hydraulic fluid is below the recommended level?

<p>Check for leaks and top-up if none are found (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between liquid oxygen (LOX) and on-board oxygen generation systems (OBOGS)?

<p>LOX has a limited supply, OBOGS generates oxygen continuously (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do smoke detectors in aircraft cabins typically detect smoke?

<p>Through changes in air particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of power for most aircraft windshield defogger systems?

<p>Electrical power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of CO2 cartridges in aircraft life rafts?

<p>For rapid inflation of the life raft (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the refueling shut-off valve in the refueling process?

<p>To prevent overfilling of the fuel tank (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

How does increasing AOA affect lift?

Increasing the angle of attack (AOA) of an aircraft wing increases the lift produced by the wing, up to a certain point called the critical AOA, after which the wing stalls.

What are flaps for?

Flaps are movable surfaces on the wings of an aircraft that are deployed during takeoff and landing to increase lift at low airspeeds.

What is lateral stability?

Lateral stability refers to an aircraft's tendency to return to a level flight path after a disturbance in roll (rotation around the lateral axis).

How does wing camber affect lift?

The camber of an aircraft wing refers to the curvature of the wing's upper surface. A higher camber results in a higher lift coefficient, meaning the wing generates more lift at the same airspeed.

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What's the consequence of longitudinal instability?

An aircraft is longitudinally unstable if it cannot maintain a stable pitch attitude (its tendency to nose up or down). This makes it very difficult for the pilot to control the aircraft, as it may pitch uncontrollably.

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What is pitching?

Pitching is the rotation of an aircraft around its lateral axis, resulting in the aircraft's nose going up or down.

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What does the air cycle machine do?

The air cycle machine is a key component of the Environmental Control System (ECS) in aircraft. It filters and conditions outside air by compressing and expanding it, providing cooling and pressurization for the cabin.

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What is the role of emergency oxygen in aircraft?

The primary function of emergency oxygen supply in aircraft survival equipment is to provide breathable air to passengers and crew in case of cabin depressurization or other emergencies, preventing hypoxia which can lead to unconsciousness.

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ELT (Emergency Locator Transmitter)

A device that transmits a distress signal to aid in locating a downed aircraft.

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Bimetallic fire detectors: reliability advantage

They are entirely mechanical, triggered only by heat, and are not susceptible to power failures or random malfunctions.

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Weight & balance record purpose

It ensures that the aircraft's center of gravity (CG) remains within the correct range for balanced flight.

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Rigging impact on CG

It determines if the aircraft's components are installed symmetrically, ensuring the CG is on the centerline for stability.

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Flight control surface for direction change

The rudder is the flight control surface that controls yawing, which changes the aircraft's heading (direction).

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Landing Gear Material

Titanium alloys are commonly used in aircraft landing gear due to their exceptional strength and durability.

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Gravity draining in fuel systems

Gravity draining utilizes a drain valve at the lowest point of the fuel tank, allowing fuel to drain naturally.

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Fuel quantity indicator purpose

It displays the remaining fuel level in the aircraft.

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What is the function of a shut-off valve in a fuel system?

Prevents the fuel tank from being overfilled, preventing spills and potential damage to the aircraft.

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Why are pressurized fuel systems advantageous in aircraft?

Pressurized fuel systems prevent the formation of vapor bubbles in the fuel lines, ensuring a continuous fuel flow even under pressure changes.

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How does an aircraft pilot monitor fuel quantity during flight?

The fuel level indicator displays the remaining fuel quantity in the fuel tanks, giving the pilot a crucial understanding of the fuel status.

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Which materials are often used for turbine blades in modern gas turbine engines?

Nickel superalloys and titanium alloys are commonly used in turbine blades because they can withstand the extreme high temperatures generated during combustion.

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What is the function of an oil cooler in an aircraft engine lubrication system?

The primary purpose of the oil cooler is to lower the temperature of the engine oil, preventing heat-related damage and ensuring optimal lubrication.

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How does a fuel-cooled oil cooler contribute to the cooling system in a jet engine?

The fuel-cooled oil cooler uses cool fuel to cool the hot engine oil before the fuel enters the combustion chamber, improving engine efficiency.

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Why are hydraulic pressure relief valves important in an aircraft hydraulic system?

Hydraulic pressure relief valves protect the hydraulic system from damage by preventing excess pressure from building up in the lines and components.

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What is the purpose of disc brakes in an aircraft braking system?

The primary function of disc brakes is to slow down an aircraft during landing. They work by converting kinetic energy into heat through friction.

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What does "all up weight" refer to?

The total weight of the aircraft during ground operations or while in the air, including the aircraft itself, fuel, passengers, cargo, and any other equipment.

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What does it mean if an aircraft is longitudinally unstable?

A state where the aircraft pitches uncontrollably, making it difficult for the pilot to maintain a stable flight attitude.

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What type of wheel construction is commonly used in high-performance aircraft?

A type of wheel construction commonly used in high-performance aircraft, known for its strength and lightweight properties.

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What is the purpose of the shock strut in a landing gear system?

The shock strut is a key component of the landing gear system, designed to absorb the impact of landing forces and provide support to the aircraft's weight on the ground.

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What could be a potential consequence of brake system failure during landing?

A serious consequence of brake system failure during landing, potentially leading to an aircraft overshooting the runway or losing control.

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What documentation is typically updated after completing landing gear maintenance procedures?

The SAF 1400-6 is a critical document in aviation maintenance, used to record any changes in an aircraft's serviceability or repairs performed.

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Which type of landing gear strut is commonly used in modern aircraft?

The Oleo strut is a type of landing gear strut widely used in modern aircraft. It's filled with hydraulic fluid and uses an air spring to provide shock absorption, making landings smoother.

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What is the primary advantage of tubeless vs tubed tires?

The tubeless tire offers enhanced puncture resistance compared to traditional tubed tires, making it a preferred choice in aviation due to the potential for debris on runways.

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What are the types of hydraulic systems used in aircraft?

A system that uses hydraulic fluid to operate flight controls. Independent systems have a direct feel of the controls, while power systems have no feel unless an artificial feedback system is installed. Booster systems offer a reduced feel of the controls.

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What should you do if the hydraulic fluid level is low?

When the fluid level is below the recommended level, check all components in the system for leaks. If no leaks are found or remedied, top up the fluid.

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Why are tubeless tires preferred over tires with inner tubes?

Tubeless tires are more puncture-resistant because the tire itself acts as a chamber, unlike tires with an inner tube where two chambers exist.

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How does the landing gear shock strut cushion landing impact?

The landing gear shock strut uses compressed air and hydraulic fluid to absorb the impact of landing. The fluid flows through a restricted area, creating resistance.

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What is the purpose of the refueling shut-off valve?

It prevents overfilling the fuel tank and indicates when the tank is full.

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What are the advantages of pressurized fuel feed systems?

Pressurized fuel feed systems ensure a continuous flow of fuel, prevent vapor lock, and provide better control over the fuel supply. It allows for consistent pressure even during attitude changes.

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What is the purpose of CO2 cartridges in aircraft life rafts?

CO2 cartridges rapidly inflate the life raft when deployed. They are attached to the life raft itself.

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How is liquid oxygen converted to breathable oxygen?

Liquid oxygen is converted into breathable oxygen through evaporation in a spiraling tube called a buildup coil. This is a key component of OBOGS systems.

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Study Notes

Aerodynamics

  • Increasing the angle of attack increases lift production until a critical angle where the wing stalls.
  • Flaps on aircraft increase lift in low airspeed conditions.
  • Lateral stability is the tendency of an aircraft to return to level flight after a roll disturbance.

Aircraft Components & Systems

  • Higher camber on an aircraft wing results in a higher lift production.
  • Longitudinal instability results in uncontrollable pitching of the aircraft.
  • Pitching involves rotating the aircraft about its lateral axis.
  • The air cycle machine conditions outside air, ensuring proper flow rate, and providing cooling.
  • Emergency oxygen supplies provide supplemental oxygen to passengers and crew during aircraft survival.
  • Hypoxia can be mitigated by having a supplemental oxygen supply or cabin pressurization during high-altitude flights.
  • Increasing cabin temperature from 20°C to 25°C would require the Environmental Control System (ECS) to increase cooling airflow.
  • Engine inlets, nacelles, and wing leading edges are typically protected by bleed air anti-ice systems.
  • Anti-icing system malfunction can lead to icing, reduced efficiency, and loss of lift on wings.
  • An Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) sends out a distress beacon.
  • Bimetallic fire detectors are entirely mechanical, triggered by heat, and not susceptible to random failures or power failures.
  • Titanium is used in aircraft construction due to its high strength-to-weight ratio and high thermal resistance.
  • A weight and balance record ensures the aircraft's center of gravity (CG) remains within the acceptable limits.
  • Rigging affects the aircraft's center of gravity by ensuring symmetrical component placement on the center line for stability.
  • Yawing is a change in direction caused by the rudder control surface.
  • "All Up Weight" is the total weight of an aircraft at the beginning of a flight.

Aircraft Fuel Systems

  • Gravity draining typically involves using a drain valve at the lowest point in the fuel tank to allow the fuel to flow naturally.
  • Fuel quantity indicators inform the pilot of the remaining fuel level.
  • Water contamination in fuel is visually detectable by looking for a water layer in the sample.

Aircraft Hydraulic Systems

  • Hydraulic pressure relief valves prevent overpressure damage within the hydraulic system.
  • Aircraft utility hydraulic systems provide power to various systems, e.g., thrust reversers, flaps, and slats.

Aircraft Braking System

  • Disc brakes slow the aircraft's movement and are used on the wheels of the aircraft on the ground.
  • Hydraulic systems provide power for flight controls, landing gear, and brakes.
  • Maintaining hydraulic fluid levels ensures efficient maintenance.
  • Flight controls feel independent with rods and pulleys, full feel with boosters, reduced feel when hydraulically powered, and no feel in the absence of an artificial feedback system.

Aircraft Landing Gear System

  • Dual hub construction is commonly used in high-performance aircraft for its strength and lightweight.
  • Brake system failure can result in runway overrun and possible loss of control during landing operations.
  • SAF 1400-6 (Change of Serviceability and Repair Log) is typically updated after landing gear maintenance.

Aircraft Servicing Forms

  • Aircraft servicing form 1400 contains details of the aircraft, servicing, and rectification.

Additional Questions

  • Ice accumulation on aircraft instruments causes inaccurate readings, including Airspeed.
  • Smoke detectors detect smoke in the cabin by sensing changes in air particles.
  • Fire detection systems typically use temperature sensors to detect fires.
  • Aircraft windshield defogger systems are powered primarily by electrical power. -Oleo struts are common landing gear struts in modern aircraft.

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Description

Test your knowledge on aviation systems and aerodynamics with this quiz. It covers various aspects including lift production, aircraft stability, and emergency systems. Perfect for students and aviation enthusiasts alike!

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