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What is a radio frequency transmitting device normally located 1,000 feet past the departure-end of the approach runway?
What provides the pilot with vertical guidance and transmits a signal that normally results in a 3-degree approach slope from the runway touchdown zone?
What conveys to the pilot approximate distance location information from the runway threshold?
What enables aircraft to fly on any desired flight path within the coverage of ground- or space-based navigation aids?
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What are air traffic facilities that provide pilot briefings, en route communications, and VFR search and rescue services?
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Weather continues to be the number one cause in flight delays, accounting for nearly what percentage?
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What refers to the ability of a portion of airspace or an airport to handle a given volume of traffic within a specified period?
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What is defined as the rate at which aircraft can operate into or out of the airfield without regard to the amount of delay incurred?
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What is the rate at which aircraft can operate without exceeding a maximum acceptable level of delay?
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According to the FAA, a single runway has an operational level of how many operations annually?
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What requires aircraft to remain on the ground at the origination airport due to constraints at their destination airport?
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What requires aircraft to be delayed at their departure airport in order to resolve demand issues at their arrival airport?
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What identifies constraints in the en route environment and develops a list of flights filed into or through the constrained area?
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What attempts to schedule aircraft to an active runway threshold with the least amount of delay by assigning delays on the ground to prevent excessive holding?
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What is a systemwide solution to alleviate or reduce delays at busy airports by the redistribution of operations to less busy airports in other regions?
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What attempts to manage demand by charging cost-based landing fees based on peak-hour surcharges?
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What is an aircraft operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft?
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What is an unmanned aircraft weighing less than 55 pounds on takeoff, including everything onboard or attached to the aircraft?
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Weather accounts for nearly how much of all delays?
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Study Notes
Navigation Aids
- A Localizer (LOC) is a radio frequency transmitting device normally located 1,000 feet past the departure-end of the approach runway.
- A Glideslope Transmitter provides the pilot with vertical guidance and transmits a signal that normally results in a 3-degree approach slope from the runway touchdown zone.
- A DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) conveys to the pilot approximate distance location information from the runway threshold.
Navigation Systems
- Area Navigation (RNAV) enables aircraft to fly on any desired flight path within the coverage of ground- or space-based navigation aids.
Air Traffic Services
- Flight Service Stations (FSS) are air traffic facilities that provide pilot briefings, en route communications, and VFR search and rescue services.
Air Traffic Management
- Weather continues to be the number one cause in flight delays, accounting for nearly 70% of all delays.
- Capacity refers to the ability of a portion of airspace or an airport to handle a given volume of traffic within a specified period.
- Throughput is the rate at which aircraft can operate into or out of the airfield without regard to the amount of delay incurred.
- Acceptable Level of Delay is the rate at which aircraft can operate without exceeding a maximum acceptable level of delay.
- A single runway has an operational level of 220,000 operations annually, according to the FAA.
Air Traffic Flow Management
- Ground Stops require aircraft to remain on the ground at the origination airport due to constraints at their destination airport.
- Departure Metering requires aircraft to be delayed at their departure airport in order to resolve demand issues at their arrival airport.
- The Coded Departure Route (CDR) identifies constraints in the en route environment and develops a list of flights filed into or through the constrained area.
- The Traffic Management Advisor (TMA) attempts to schedule aircraft to an active runway threshold with the least amount of delay by assigning delays on the ground to prevent excessive holding.
Air Traffic Management Strategies
- The Rerouting Program is a systemwide solution to alleviate or reduce delays at busy airports by the redistribution of operations to less busy airports in other regions.
- The Congestion Pricing Program attempts to manage demand by charging cost-based landing fees based on peak-hour surcharges.
Unmanned Aircraft
- An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is an aircraft operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft.
- A Small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS) is an unmanned aircraft weighing less than 55 pounds on takeoff, including everything onboard or attached to the aircraft.
- Weather accounts for nearly 70% of all delays.
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