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Questions and Answers
What does ALS stand for?
What does TDZL stand for?
Touchdown Zone Lights
What is the function of runway centerline lights?
To facilitate landing under adverse visibility conditions
What does REIL stand for?
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What are the classifications of runway edge lights based on intensity?
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What color are taxiway edge lights?
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What color are taxiway centerline lights?
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What is the purpose of runway guard lights?
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A visual runway number is indicated by the ___ and ______.
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Non-Precision Runway includes ___ and centerline.
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Precision-Runway includes RWY Number, centerline, ______, aimpoint, touchdown zone, and sidestripes.
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Displaced Threshold is used for T/O, landing rollout and taxi but not for _____.
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Match the runway widths to their corresponding number of threshold stripes:
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What is a blastpad?
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What does AIMPOINT indicate?
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What does yellow lettering/numbering on a brown sign indicate?
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What does black lettering/numbering on a yellow sign indicate?
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Study Notes
Airport Lighting and Markings Overview
- ALS (Approach Lighting System): Facilitates transition from instrument to visual flight; type of approach dictates lighting available.
- TDZL (Touchdown Zone Lighting): Installed on precision approach runways; consists of two rows of steady-burning white lights starting 100 feet beyond the threshold and extending to 3,000 feet or halfway down the runway.
- Runway Centerline Lighting System (RCLS): Helps land under low visibility; white lights spaced at 50 feet intervals change from white to red at different runway segments, ultimately all red in the last 1,000 feet.
Key Lighting Systems
- REIL (Runway End Identifier Lights): Provide quick identification of runway approach; consist of synchronized flashing lights on each side of the runway threshold. Effective in reducing runway confusion in poor visibility.
- Runway Edge Lights: Outline runway edges in darkness or low visibility; classified by intensity (HIRL, MIRL, LIRL). The last 2,000 feet of instrument runways have yellow lights for caution; red lights indicate departures while green lights mark the threshold for arrivals.
- Taxiway Edge Lights: Indicate taxiway edges using blue lights.
- Taxiway Centerline Lights: Use green lighting to guide along the center of the taxiway.
Operational Markings and Signage
- Runway Guard Lights: Installed at taxiway/runway intersections, enhances visibility with flashing yellow lights during low visibility.
- Visual Runway Markings: Include runway numbers and centerline markings.
- Non-Precision Runway Markings: Include runway numbers and thresholds for runways longer than 4,200 feet.
- Precision Runway Attributes: Include runway numbers, centerline markings, threshold markings, aimpoint indications, touchdown zone markings, and sidestripes.
Specialized Markings
- Displaced Threshold: Indicated by white arrows; used for takeoff, landing rollout, and taxi, but not for landing directly on it.
- Threshold Stripes: Number of stripes varies by runway width; 60 feet width has 4 stripes, while 200 feet has 16.
- Blastpad: Area not for use with a demarcation bar indicating the beginning of the threshold.
- AIMPOINT: Visual landing aimpoint, typically 1,000 feet from the threshold, marked by two rectangular markings on each side of the centerline.
Signage Color Codes
- Yellow Letters/Numbers on Brown Signs: Indicate current location.
- Black Letters/Numbers on Yellow Signs: Indicate destination within the airport.
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Description
Explore the essential components of airport lighting systems, including the Approach Lighting System (ALS) and Touchdown Zone Lighting (TDZL). This quiz covers the critical lighting technologies that aid in safe landings, especially under low visibility conditions. Test your knowledge on various systems such as REIL and RCLS and their importance in aviation.
