Average Velocity and Motion Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What is the average velocity of an automobile that travels a distance of 45 km in 0.25 h?

  • 135 km/h
  • 90 km/h (correct)
  • 112.5 km/h
  • 180 km/h

If a racecar driver is driving at 110 meters per second for 3 seconds, and a person is driving at 100 km per hour for 15 minutes, who drove farther?

  • Both drove the same distance
  • The person driving at 100 km/h
  • Not enough information to determine
  • The racecar driver (correct)

What is the slope of a velocity-time graph?

  • Acceleration (correct)
  • Speed
  • Distance
  • Momentum

A skater uniformly decreases her speed from 7 m/s to zero over a distance of 5 m. What would be her acceleration?

<p>-3.5 m/s² (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the acceleration of an object if it maintains a constant speed while turning?

<p>Acceleration is present due to a change in direction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the inertia of an object if its mass is doubled?

<p>Inertia is doubled (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Newton's First Law, what occurs if there is no net force acting on an object?

<p>The object will remain at rest or continue moving at a constant speed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes force in relation to Newton's Second Law?

<p>For a constant force, increasing mass decreases acceleration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a soccer ball is kicked and then stops moving due to friction, which statement is true about its initial motion?

<p>It continues to move due to inertia until a net force acts on it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given a 10 kg dog experiencing a pull force of 2 N, what is its acceleration?

<p>0.2 $m/s^2$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How will the acceleration be affected if two objects experience the same force, but one has four times the mass of the other?

<p>The heavier object will have one-fourth the acceleration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass of an object that weighs 91.6 N on Earth?

<p>9.34 kg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes inertia?

<p>Inertia is the resistance of an object to changes in its state of motion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Newton's First Law, what must be true for an object to maintain its state of motion?

<p>There must be no net external force acting on it. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trajectory shape of a projectile under the influence of gravity?

<p>A parabolic curve. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an object is thrown upwards, what happens to its vertical velocity at the highest point of its trajectory?

<p>It becomes zero. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the coefficient of friction depend on?

<p>The surfaces in contact and the forces acting on them. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a sled is being pulled at constant speed with a force of 10 N, what can be inferred about the frictional force acting on it?

<p>It is equal to 10 N. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a runner with a weight of 800 N accelerates at 5 m/s², what is the minimum coefficient of friction required to avoid slipping?

<p>0.63 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the force of gravity and the acceleration due to gravity?

<p>The force of gravity causes acceleration due to gravity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In order to determine the potential energy gained when raising a mass, which factors must be considered?

<p>Mass, height, and gravitational acceleration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Acceleration

The rate at which an object changes its velocity over time. It is calculated by dividing the change in velocity by the time it takes for that change to occur.

Centripetal Force

A force that acts towards the center of a circular path, causing an object to move in a circular motion. It is always perpendicular to the velocity of the object.

Average Velocity

The average velocity of an object is calculated by dividing the total distance traveled by the total time taken.

Velocity

The change in position of an object over time. It is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken.

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Average Speed

The change in position of an object over time, calculated by dividing the total distance traveled by the total time taken.

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What is inertia?

Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion. It's directly proportional to the object's mass. An object with greater inertia needs a larger force to alter its velocity.

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Newton's First Law of Motion

Newton's First Law of Motion states that an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a net force.

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What is acceleration?

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over time. Positive acceleration means increasing speed, negative acceleration means decreasing speed.

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Newton's Second Law of Motion

Newton's Second Law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. (F = ma)

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What is the difference between mass and weight?

Weight is the force of gravity acting on an object. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.

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What is projectile motion?

Projectile motion is the curved path that an object follows when it's launched at an angle, affected by both horizontal and vertical motion.

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What is a force?

Force is a push or pull that can cause a change in motion. It's measured in Newtons (N).

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What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth?

The force of gravity on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s². This means every object on Earth experiences a downward acceleration of 9.8 m/s² due to gravity.

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Newton's First Law

Newton's First Law of Motion states that an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed & direction unless acted upon by a net force.

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Gravity vs. Acceleration due to Gravity

The force of gravity is a force that pulls objects together based on their mass. Acceleration due to gravity is the rate at which an object's velocity changes due to gravity.

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Free Body Diagram

A free body diagram shows all the forces acting on an object at a given moment.

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Coefficient of Friction

Coefficient of friction is a measure of the force resisting motion between two surfaces in contact. It describes how easily one surface can slide over another.

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Spring Potential Energy

The ability of a spring to store energy.

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Kinetic Energy

The energy of motion. It depends on both an object's mass and speed.

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Potential Energy

The energy an object possesses due to its position relative to a reference point.

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Newton's Third Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. When two objects interact, they exert forces on each other that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

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