Autonomic Nervous System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following accurately describes the organization of the nervous system?

  • The nervous system consists of the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and autonomic system (correct)
  • The nervous system consists of the cranial nerves and spinal nerves
  • The nervous system consists of the somatic and autonomic systems
  • The nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord

Which of the following is a function of the parasympathetic system?

  • Motor pathway
  • Preganglionic vs postganglionic neurons (correct)
  • Formation of different plexuses
  • Referred pain

Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell?

  • Optic nerve
  • Glossopharyngeal nerve
  • Vagus nerve
  • Olfactory nerve (correct)

Which part of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord?

<p>Central nervous system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?

<p>To control smooth muscle, cardiac muscles, and glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

<p>12 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the connective tissue wrapping found between the fascicles and binding all the fascicles together in a peripheral nerve?

<p>Epineurium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure does the axon of the lower motor neuron pass through to reach the target organs?

<p>Ventral (anterior) root (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the cell body of the afferent axon located?

<p>Dorsal root ganglion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which rootlets form the ventral and dorsal roots of the spinal nerve?

<p>Mixed rootlets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which primary ramus provides motor innervation to the muscles of the trunk and abdomen at the thoracic level?

<p>Ventral primary ramus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerves are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the abdominal viscera?

<p>Thoracic and lumbar splanchnic sympathetics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do somatic and visceral synapses occur in the spinal cord?

<p>Dorsal root (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is referred pain?

<p>Visceral pain perceived as somatic over a specific dermatome region (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of knowing the dermatome pattern?

<p>To help clinicians investigate the source of pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the pathway of postganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system?

<p>They enter dorsal or ventral rami (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the preganglionic cell bodies of the parasympathetic system originate?

<p>In the cranial nerves III, VII, IX, and X (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the sympathetic system primarily do?

<p>Dilates the pupil of the eye and increases the heart rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the parasympathetic system?

<p>Decreases the heart rate and increases GI activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the innervation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, certain glands, and other visceral organs?

<p>Sympathetic system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the autonomic system and the voluntary motor system in terms of nerve fibers?

<p>Nerve fibers in the autonomic system do not end in a structure like voluntary muscle fibers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic system located?

<p>In the lateral horn of the spinal cord (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a possible path for preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic system?

<p>Pass through the chain and synapse in a ganglion closer to the target organ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nervous System Organization

The nervous system divided into the Central Nervous System (CNS), Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), and Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).

Parasympathetic System Function

Controls 'rest and digest' functions. Includes preganglionic and postganglionic neurons.

Olfactory Nerve

Cranial nerve I. Responsible for the sense of smell.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Consists of the brain and spinal cord. The control center of the nervous system.

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Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Function

Controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. Regulates involuntary functions.

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Number of Cranial Nerves

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves in the human body.

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Epineurium

The outer connective tissue wrapping around a peripheral nerve, binding all fascicles together.

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Lower Motor Neuron Path

Axon of the lower motor neuron passes through the ventral (anterior) root to reach target organs.

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Afferent Axon Cell Body Location

Located in the dorsal root ganglion external to the spinal cord.

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Spinal Nerve Rootlets

Mixed rootlets form the ventral and dorsal roots of the spinal nerve.

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Ventral Primary Ramus Function

The ventral primary ramus provides motor innervation to the muscles of the trunk and abdomen at the thoacic level.

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Abdominal Sensory Nerves

Thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nerves.

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Spinal Cord Synapse Location

Somatic and visceral synapses occur in the dorsal root.

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Referred Pain

Visceral pain perceived as somatic over a specific dermatome region.

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Dermatome Pattern Purpose

To help clinicians investigate the source of pain.

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Postganglionic Fiber Pathway

They enter dorsal or ventral rami.

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Parasympathetic Origin

Originate in the cranial nerves III, VII, IX, and X.

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Sympathetic System Primary Action

Dilates the pupil of the eye and increases the heart rate (fight or flight).

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Parasympathetic System Function

Decreases the heart rate and increases GI activity (rest and digest).

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Sympathetic System Roles

Responsible for the innervation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, certain glands, and other visceral organs.

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Autonomic vs. Voluntary Motor Nerves

Nerve fibers in the autonomic system do not end in a structure like voluntary muscle fibers.

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Sympathetic Preganglionic Neuron Location

Located in the lateral horn of the spinal cord.

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Incorrect Sympathetic Pathway

Preganglionic fibers do not pass through the sympathetic chain and synpase in a ganglion closer to the target organ.

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