Pharmacology of the Autonomic Nervous System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which part of the nervous system controls and regulates the heart, respiratory system, GI tract, bladder, eyes, and glands?

  • Autonomic Nervous System (correct)
  • Central Nervous System
  • Somatic Nervous System
  • Peripheral Nervous System

Which part of the nervous system is voluntary and allows a person/animal to have control over skeletal muscles?

  • Central Nervous System
  • Somatic Nervous System (correct)
  • Peripheral Nervous System
  • Autonomic Nervous System

Which neurotransmitter is associated with the sympathetic nervous system?

  • Dopamine
  • Acetylcholine
  • Serotonin
  • Norepinephrine (correct)

Drugs that mimic the effects of norepinephrine are known as:

<p>Adrenergic agonists (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with vasoconstriction of blood vessels?

<p>Alpha-1 receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of neurons send impulses to the central nervous system for interpretation?

<p>Afferent (sensory) neurons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor is responsible for the relaxation of smooth muscle in bronchi, uterus, and peripheral blood vessels?

<p>Beta-2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is associated with the Parasympathetic Nervous System?

<p>Acetylcholine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for drugs that mimic acetylcholine and initiate a response?

<p>Cholinergic agonists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of adrenergic drugs directly stimulates receptors such as epinephrine and norepinephrine?

<p>Direct-acting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Albuterol, a beta-2 agonist?

<p>Bronchodilation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adrenergic agent stimulates alpha-1 and beta-1 receptors and is used for hypotension and shock?

<p>Dopamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main response associated with sympathomimetic/adrenomimetic drugs?

<p>Increased blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor is responsible for the dilation of blood vessels and increase in blood flow, only activated by dopamine?

<p>Dopaminergic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for drugs that block acetylcholine and prevent a response?

<p>Cholinergic antagonists (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, mimic sympathetic neurotransmitters, and act on adrenergic receptor sites?

<p>Adrenergic agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System

The part of the nervous system responsible for controlling involuntary bodily functions like heart rate, breathing, and digestion.

Somatic Nervous System

The part of the nervous system responsible for voluntary movements, controlling skeletal muscles.

Norepinephrine

A neurotransmitter primarily associated with the 'fight-or-flight' response, increasing heart rate and blood pressure.

Adrenergic Agonists

Drugs that mimic the effects of norepinephrine, resulting in increased heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness.

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Alpha-1 Receptor

A type of receptor primarily found in blood vessels, responsible for constricting them.

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Afferent (Sensory) Neurons

Neurons that carry sensory information from the body to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).

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Beta-2 Receptor

A type of receptor typically found in the lungs, uterus, and blood vessels, resulting in relaxation and dilation.

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Acetylcholine

A neurotransmitter primarily associated with the 'rest-and-digest' response, slowing heart rate and promoting digestion.

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Cholinergic Agonists

Drugs that mimic the effects of acetylcholine, activating similar responses in the body.

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Direct-Acting Adrenergic Agents

Adrenergic drugs that directly stimulate receptors, acting like epinephrine or norepinephrine.

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Albuterol

A beta-2 agonist used to open up the airways in the lungs, improving breathing.

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Dopamine

A powerful adrenergic agent that affects multiple receptors, used to treat low blood pressure and shock.

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Sympathomimetic (Adrenomimetic) Effects

The overall effect of drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in increased heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness.

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Dopaminergic Receptor

A type of receptor specifically activated by dopamine, responsible for dilating blood vessels and increasing blood flow.

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Cholinergic Antagonists

Drugs that block acetylcholine, preventing it from activating its receptors.

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Adrenergic Agents

Drugs that mimic or enhance the actions of the sympathetic nervous system by directly activating adrenergic receptors.

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Study Notes

Nervous System Overview

  • The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary functions, controlling the heart, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, bladder, eyes, and glands.
  • The somatic nervous system is voluntary, allowing control over skeletal muscles.

Neurotransmitters and Medications

  • Norepinephrine is the primary neurotransmitter associated with the sympathetic nervous system.
  • Drugs mimicking the effects of norepinephrine are termed sympathomimetics.
  • The sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is linked to vasoconstriction of blood vessels.

Neurons and Receptors

  • Afferent neurons send impulses to the central nervous system for interpretation.
  • Beta-2 receptors are responsible for the relaxation of smooth muscle in structures like bronchi, uterus, and peripheral blood vessels.
  • Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter associated with the parasympathetic nervous system.

Drug Types and Actions

  • Cholinergic drugs mimic acetylcholine to initiate a response.
  • Adrenergic drugs directly stimulate receptors responsive to neurotransmitters like epinephrine and norepinephrine.
  • Albuterol, a beta-2 agonist, is primarily used for bronchodilation in asthma management.
  • Adrenergic agents that stimulate both alpha-1 and beta-1 receptors are used for treating hypotension and shock.

Sympathetic Responses

  • Sympathomimetic or adrenomimetic drugs are known for producing effects similar to sympathetic nervous system activation.
  • Dilation of blood vessels leading to increased blood flow is mediated by dopamine-activated receptors.
  • Anticholinergic drugs block acetylcholine and prevent corresponding responses.

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