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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system?
Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the parasympathetic nervous system?
Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the parasympathetic nervous system?
What characteristic differentiates the fibers of the sympathetic nervous system from those of the parasympathetic nervous system?
What characteristic differentiates the fibers of the sympathetic nervous system from those of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Which of the following functions is NOT generally associated with the activation of the sympathetic nervous system?
Which of the following functions is NOT generally associated with the activation of the sympathetic nervous system?
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During a stress response, which of the following actions would most likely occur?
During a stress response, which of the following actions would most likely occur?
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Which function is primarily associated with the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)?
Which function is primarily associated with the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)?
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How does the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) primarily differ from the Somatic Nervous System (SNS)?
How does the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) primarily differ from the Somatic Nervous System (SNS)?
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What is the primary role of the hypothalamus in regulating the Autonomic Nervous System?
What is the primary role of the hypothalamus in regulating the Autonomic Nervous System?
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Which of the following neurotransmitters is most likely released by postganglionic neurons of the Sympathetic Nervous System?
Which of the following neurotransmitters is most likely released by postganglionic neurons of the Sympathetic Nervous System?
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What response is primarily triggered by the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS)?
What response is primarily triggered by the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS)?
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What anatomical structure primarily integrates reflexes associated with the Autonomic Nervous System?
What anatomical structure primarily integrates reflexes associated with the Autonomic Nervous System?
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Which statement best summarizes the relationship between the SNS and PNS?
Which statement best summarizes the relationship between the SNS and PNS?
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Which organ’s function is NOT primarily regulated by the Autonomic Nervous System?
Which organ’s function is NOT primarily regulated by the Autonomic Nervous System?
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Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the 'rest and digest' functions?
Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the 'rest and digest' functions?
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What type of receptors are stimulated by acetylcholine at postganglionic synapses in the parasympathetic nervous system?
What type of receptors are stimulated by acetylcholine at postganglionic synapses in the parasympathetic nervous system?
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Which of the following best describes the sympathetic nervous system's primary functions?
Which of the following best describes the sympathetic nervous system's primary functions?
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What neurotransmitter is primarily associated with adrenergic fibers?
What neurotransmitter is primarily associated with adrenergic fibers?
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Which receptor type is involved in the stimulation of smooth muscle contraction via acetylcholine in the autonomic nervous system?
Which receptor type is involved in the stimulation of smooth muscle contraction via acetylcholine in the autonomic nervous system?
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What is the primary role of α1 adrenergic receptors within the sympathetic nervous system?
What is the primary role of α1 adrenergic receptors within the sympathetic nervous system?
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Which of the following describes the adrenergic receptors associated with the heart?
Which of the following describes the adrenergic receptors associated with the heart?
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Identify the primary neurotransmitter released by the postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system.
Identify the primary neurotransmitter released by the postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system.
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What distinguishes the fiber length in the parasympathetic nervous system compared to the sympathetic nervous system?
What distinguishes the fiber length in the parasympathetic nervous system compared to the sympathetic nervous system?
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Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for the constriction of the pupil?
Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for the constriction of the pupil?
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Where are the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system typically located in relation to the effector organs?
Where are the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system typically located in relation to the effector organs?
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What is the primary output from the Vagus nerve (CN X) in terms of the parasympathetic nervous system?
What is the primary output from the Vagus nerve (CN X) in terms of the parasympathetic nervous system?
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What effect does an EpiPen have on the body during anaphylactic shock?
What effect does an EpiPen have on the body during anaphylactic shock?
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The sacral outflow of the parasympathetic nervous system originates from which part of the spinal cord?
The sacral outflow of the parasympathetic nervous system originates from which part of the spinal cord?
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Which of the following is NOT true regarding the branching of the sympathetic nervous system?
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the branching of the sympathetic nervous system?
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Flashcards
What is the autonomic nervous system?
What is the autonomic nervous system?
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a part of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary bodily functions, like heart rate, digestion, and breathing.
What does the sympathetic nervous system do?
What does the sympathetic nervous system do?
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) prepares the body for action, triggering the "fight or flight" response.
What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?
What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?
The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) promotes relaxation and energy conservation, triggering the "rest and digest" response.
What is the role of the hypothalamus in the ANS?
What is the role of the hypothalamus in the ANS?
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How do the SNS and PNS interact?
How do the SNS and PNS interact?
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What is the main neurotransmitter of the SNS?
What is the main neurotransmitter of the SNS?
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What is the main neurotransmitter of the PNS?
What is the main neurotransmitter of the PNS?
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How do the SNS and PNS differ in their actions?
How do the SNS and PNS differ in their actions?
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Where does the SNS originate?
Where does the SNS originate?
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SNS fiber length?
SNS fiber length?
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Where are SNS ganglia located?
Where are SNS ganglia located?
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Branching of SNS fibers?
Branching of SNS fibers?
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Where does the PNS originate?
Where does the PNS originate?
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PNS fiber length?
PNS fiber length?
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Where are PNS ganglia located?
Where are PNS ganglia located?
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Branching of PNS fibers?
Branching of PNS fibers?
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How do Neurotransmitters differ between Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous systems?
How do Neurotransmitters differ between Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous systems?
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Why does stress kill people?
Why does stress kill people?
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Study Notes
Autonomic Nervous System - Lecture Notes
- The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a part of the peripheral nervous system.
- It's responsible for involuntary functions.
- It is comprised of two main divisions:
- Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)
- Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS)
Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)
- Origin: Thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord.
- Fiber Length: Short preganglionic fibers, long postganglionic fibers.
- Ganglia/Synapse: Ganglia are close to the spinal cord.
- Branching: Extensive branching.
- Neurotransmitter: Primarily norepinephrine but sometimes acetylcholine (e.g., sweat glands).
- Function: Mobilizes the body's resources during stressful situations or physical activity, often referred to as the "fight or flight" response.
Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS)
- Origin: Craniosacral (cranial nerves and sacral spinal cord segments).
- Fiber Length: Long preganglionic fibers, short postganglionic fibers.
- Ganglia/Synapse: Ganglia are located near or within the target organ.
- Branching: Minimal branching.
- Neurotransmitter: Primarily acetylcholine.
- Function: Conserves and restores energy, often referred to as the "rest and digest" response.
Cholinergic and Adrenergic Fibers
- Cholinergic fibers: Release acetylcholine (ACh).
- All preganglionic neurons in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are cholinergic.
- Most postganglionic parasympathetic neurons are cholinergic.
- There are two types of cholinergic receptors: Nicotinic and Muscarinic
- Adrenergic fibers: Release norepinephrine (NE).
- Most postganglionic sympathetic neurons are adrenergic.
- There are multiple types of adrenergic receptors (α1, α2, β1, and β2).
Receptors
- Muscarinic receptors: G protein-coupled receptors, found in effector cells stimulated by postganglionic synapses.
- Nicotinic receptors: Ligand-gated cation channels, found in synapses between pre- and postganglionic fibers.
Adrenergic Receptors
- α1: Vasoconstriction, relaxation of GI smooth muscle, sweat gland secretion, and dilation of pupils.
- α2: Vasoconstriction, decreased secretion from salivary glands.
- β₁: Increase heart rate and contractility, renin release.
- β₂: Glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, smooth muscle relaxation, increased insulin release.
Autonomic Nervous System - Overview
- The ANS regulates essential involuntary functions.
- The two divisions, sympathetic and parasympathetic, often have opposing effects on target organs.
- Understanding these pathways and neurotransmitters is crucial for diagnosing and treating various conditions.
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Description
This quiz tests your understanding of the autonomic nervous system, including the sympathetic and parasympathetic components. You'll explore neurotransmitters, functions, and anatomical structures involved in regulating these critical systems of the body. Assess your knowledge of key concepts and distinctions within autonomic functioning.
