10 Questions
Which part of the neuron is responsible for the transmission of signals to effectors and adjacent neurons?
Axon
Which division of the nervous system is mainly concerned with the regulation of circulation and internal organs?
Autonomic Nervous System
Which neurotransmitters are involved in chemical transmissions in the synapse?
Ach /NE
Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for 'fight or flight' responses?
Sympathetic Nervous System
What is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system?
Neuron
Which neurotransmitter is primarily released by the preganglionic sympathetic fibers?
Acetylcholine
What enzyme breaks down noradrenaline/norepinephrine in the sympathetic nervous system?
Monoamine oxidases enzymes (MAO A)
In which region does the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system originate?
Lumbosacral region
Which neurotransmitter is primarily released by the sweat glands nerve, despite being a sympathetic nerve?
Acetylcholine
What is primarily secreted from the adrenal medulla during alarm reactions?
Epinephrine
Study Notes
- The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is a part of the Nervous System, dealing with regulation of circulation and internal organs.
- ANS is an involuntary system, controlled by superordinate autonomic centers in the CNS, primarily in the spinal cord.
- It consists of two divisions: Sympathetic Division (thoracolumbar region) and Parasympathetic Division (craniosacral region).
- The Sympathetic Division releases noradrenaline/norepinephrine (NE) from its post-ganglionic neurons and is responsible for the "fight or flight" response. NE is broken down by monoamine oxidases (MAO A) enzymes.
- The Parasympathetic Division releases acetylcholine (Ach) from its post-ganglionic neurons and is responsible for the "rest and digest" response. Ach is broken down by acetylcholinesterase.
- Sweat glands, which are sympathetic nerves, release acetylcholine (Ach) instead of the usual sympathetic neurotransmitter.
- The Adrenal Medulla, which is part of the ANS, releases epinephrine and some norepinephrine (NE) in response to stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system during alarm reactions. This response is often seen in situations like physical work, anxiety, or stress.
- In severe hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), the body's autonomic responses include increased heart rate, sweating, and tremors.
Test your knowledge about the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and the structure and function of neurons. This quiz covers topics such as voluntary and involuntary nervous system functions, neuron components, and signal transmission within neurons.
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