Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC)
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What is the main characteristic of a manual assembly line?

  • Assembly tasks are performed by human workers. (correct)
  • It consists of a series of automated machines.
  • It operates without any workstations.
  • It requires no human workers.

    • Which factor is NOT favorable for the use of assembly lines?

  • Identical or similar products.
  • High demand for products.
  • Total work content that can be divided into work elements.
  • The need for assembly of unrelated products. (correct)

    • What does the total work content refer to in an assembly line?

  • The total number of products produced in a cycle.
  • The quantity of raw materials needed for production.
  • The amount of time taken to produce one product.
  • The sum of all work elements required to assemble one product unit. (correct)

    • Why is it often technologically impossible to automate assembly operations?

    <p>Due to high complexity and variability in tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the layout of a manual assembly line?

    <p>A linear sequence of workstations for specific tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle is described by dividing a large job into smaller tasks assigned to individual workers?

    <p>Division of labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of having interchangeable parts in a production process?

    <p>To ensure each component can fit with any mating component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a manual assembly line primarily characterized by?

    <p>Human workers performing tasks at workstations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the 'workflow principle' mentioned in the content?

    <p>Work units are moved to the next task without delay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of work transport system is NOT mentioned in the context provided?

    <p>Automated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the FMS In-Line Layout?

    <p>It features a well-defined processing sequence for all work units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which FMS layout allows for multiple processing sequences for different part types?

    <p>Loop Layout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of using Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS)?

    <p>Opportunity for unattended production to reduce costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layout type is primarily defined by its loop structure with rungs?

    <p>Ladder Layout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the function of the secondary handling system in the In-Line Layout?

    <p>It enables bi-directional flow at each workstation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a scanner in the context of AIDC technologies?

    <p>To scan encoded data and convert it into an electrical signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the substitution error rate (SER)?

    <p>The rate at which a scanner incorrectly reads a character</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bar code requires reading in two directions?

    <p>Two-dimensional bar code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of width-modulated bar codes?

    <p>Consist of bars and spaces of varying width</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of reading bar codes, what signifies the first read rate (FRR)?

    <p>The probability of a scanner's first attempt being successful</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes stacked bar codes from other types of bar codes?

    <p>They consist of multiple rows of conventional bar codes stacked together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology does the U.S. Postal Service use height-modulated bar codes for?

    <p>Identifying ZIP codes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about biometric bar code technology is accurate?

    <p>It measures biological characteristics for data interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'starving of stations' refer to in an assembly line?

    <p>Operators have finished their task but are waiting for the next unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes synchronous transport?

    <p>Work units are moved simultaneously with stop-and-go motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pacing provides a fixed completion time for each task on an assembly line?

    <p>Rigid pacing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In mechanized work transport systems, what is a primary characteristic of asynchronous transport?

    <p>Work units can form queues in front of each station.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge arises when there is blocking of stations?

    <p>Operators cannot move completed units downstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of work transport involves work units being removed from the conveyor?

    <p>Manual transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does pacing influence the assembly line?

    <p>It guarantees a certain production rate for the assembly line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mechanized transport involves work units moving in batches?

    <p>Batch transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of rigid pacing in an assembly line?

    <p>Each worker has a fixed time to complete their task.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an undesirable aspect of rigid pacing?

    <p>Does not account for human variability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a batch model assembly line (BMAL), how many products can be produced?

    <p>Two or more products with distinct processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can pacing with margin be achieved?

    <p>Allowing queues of work units between stations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a single model assembly line (SMAL)?

    <p>Each work unit is identical and tasks are the same for all.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major difference between synchronous and asynchronous conveyors?

    <p>Synchronous depends on rigid pacing; asynchronous does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'no pacing' imply in an assembly line context?

    <p>Workers can complete tasks at their own pace without a time limit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach helps to cope with model variations in a mixed model assembly line (MMAL)?

    <p>Employing different approaches for different models.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC)

    • AIDC encompasses technologies that facilitate direct data entry into computer systems without using keyboards
    • Applications include retail sales, inventory control, material handling, and factory operations

    Components of AIDC

    • Encoded Data: Alphanumeric characters are converted to machine-readable formats
    • Machine Reader/Scanner: Scans encoded data, transforming it into electrical signals
    • Decoder: Transforms the electrical signal back into original alphanumeric characters

    AIDC Technologies

    • Optical: Uses high-contrast images interpreted by optical scanners
    • Electromagnetic: Employs radio frequency identification (RFID) tags
    • Magnetic: Encodes data magnetically, similar to tape, including magnetic stripe cards and magnetic ink character recognition
    • Smart Cards: Small plastic cards with embedded microchips for data storage
    • Touch Techniques: Include touchscreens and button memory
    • Biometric: Technologies used for human identification or to interpret vocal commands

    Measures of AIDC Reading Accuracy

    • First Read Rate (FRR): The probability of a successful, initial scanner reading
    • Substitution Error Rate (SER): The probability of a scanner incorrectly reading a character

    Bar Code Technology

    • Linear Bar Codes: Encoded data read via a linear scan; common types include width-modulated (e.g., Universal Product Code) and height-modulated
    • Two-Dimensional Bar Codes: Encoded data read in both directions; types include stacked and matrix symbologies

    Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

    • Uses identification tags with electronically coded data attached to items
    • Tags contain memory microchips and antennas
    • Types include passive (no internal power) and active (with internal power)
    • Advantages: No physical contact, non-line-of-sight identification
    • Disadvantages: More expensive than other AIDC technologies

    Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)

    • Manufacturing system enabling different products, adaptable to changes

    Types of FMS

    • Dedicated FMS: Designed for a specific range of part styles, known beforehand
    • Random-Order FMS: Allows for flexible production of new parts, adjusting for daily schedule changes
    • Single Machine Cell: Consists of one CNC machining center, for unattended processing. Could be batch, flexible or both
    • Flexible Manufacturing Cell: Two or more processing stations, enabling batch, flexible, or both operation modes; connected to a loading/unloading station.
    • Flexible Manufacturing System: Four or more processing stations with a common parts-handling system; interconnected via computer system

    FMS Components

    • Workstations: Processing areas
    • Material Handling and Storage System: Movement of parts within or between stations
    • Computer Control System: Manages the entire process
    • Human Labor: Workers involved in specific tasks, depending on system flexibility

    Manual Assembly Line

    • Production line with assembly workstations for human workers performing tasks sequentially; the product moves along the line
    • Types of assembly lines: single-model (one product), batch (a small # of products), mixed-model (various products), and hard-variety/soft-variety (describing the production range).
    • Specialization of labor, interchangeable parts, workflow, and line pacing contribute to efficiency.

    Work Transport Systems

    • Manual: Workers physically move work units
    • Mechanized: Conveyors or other automated systems move work units
    • Types include continuous (constant speed), synchronous (simultaneous movement), asynchronous (independent movement), queue formation, and line pacing categories, where parts are placed on or taken from a line for predetermined timeframe/s

    Pacing Types

    • Rigid pacing: Each worker has a fixed time to complete tasks; synchronized workstation operations. Potential worker stress from rigid time frames
    • Pacing with margin: Specified time range for completing tasks, longer than cycle time allows for error and worker variability.
    • No pacing: Workers work at their own pace; ideal for flexible environments when products are varied

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    Automatic Identification and Data Capture PDF

    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC). This quiz covers AIDC technologies, components, and applications in various industries such as retail and inventory management. Challenge your knowledge about how data is encoded, scanned, and decoded into usable formats.

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