Questions and Answers
What type of center was Auckland intended to be?
What was the main source of water in early Auckland?
Rain barrels or wells
Queen Street was primarily commercial on both sides.
False
What led to the increase in Auckland's growth in the late 1840s?
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In what year did Auckland become a borough?
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What main exports were recorded in Auckland by value in 1860?
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Auckland's busiest port was established by _____.
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Which of the following was NOT one of the banks founded in Auckland?
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The ASB Bank was founded in 1859.
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What caused the major fire in Queen Street in 1873?
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Study Notes
The Beginnings
- Auckland was established as a commercial hub for both Maori and European settlers.
- Initial living conditions were primitive, with settlers using tents or raupo whare for shelter; water was sourced from rain barrels or wells.
- Queen Street served as a key transportation route, characterized by a clay road that struggled with flooding and sanitation issues.
- A police census from 1842-1845 revealed a diverse community, including tradesmen, lawyers, and doctors, but growth was initially slow due to capital shortages.
- Fencible settlements were established in 1847-1848 to attract more settlers, contributing to population growth.
- The Australian gold rush spurred trade and exports from Auckland, with significant developments in local agriculture; Maori supplied large quantities of food, including 20 tonnes of onions and 100 tonnes of potatoes in 1852.
Spreading Out
- Auckland became a borough in 1851, expanding from Whau Creek in Avondale to Howick.
- Foreshore reclamation efforts began in 1859, leveling Point Britomart to create flat land for businesses.
- Industrial activities concentrated around the port, with major exports in wool, kauri gum, and potatoes by 1860.
- Immigration surged in the 1860s, driven in part by military deployments, leading to increased population and service infrastructure, including banks and insurance companies.
- The ASB Bank was founded in 1847, followed by New Zealand Insurance (1859), BNZ (1861), and the New Zealand Herald (1863).
- Water supply improved in 1869 with piped water sourced from the Auckland Domain springs.
- By 1875, Auckland emerged as the busiest port in New Zealand and a significant entrepôt for the South Pacific.
- Urban expansion spread to surrounding farming areas like Ponsonby and Grafton.
- Many buildings on Queen Street were reconstructed in brick and stone following destructive fires, notably in 1873 when 54 establishments were destroyed.
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Description
Explore the early days of Auckland's establishment as a commercial hub and a place for Māori and Europeans to coexist. Discover the challenges faced by early settlers and the initial infrastructure of the city. This quiz will take you through the significant events and developments that shaped the beginnings of Auckland.
