Attacking Poverty: Opportunity and Empowerment
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Questions and Answers

What is a potential benefit of expanding into international markets?

  • Minimization of public investment requirements
  • Reduction in government regulations
  • Lower energy costs for consumers
  • Increased job and income growth opportunities (correct)

    • Which component is essential for improving public administration to enhance competitiveness?

  • Privatization of all public services
  • Restriction of the informal sector
  • Elimination of educational programs
  • Incorporation of community involvement in decision-making (correct)

    • How can community-based resource management contribute to poverty reduction?

  • Through unilateral decision-making by authorities
  • By restricting resource access to local businesses
  • By improving access and returns to education (correct)
  • By dismantling existing resource management frameworks

    • What approach is vital for addressing asset inequalities in the context of inclusive economic development?

    <p>Enhancing opportunities for public investment in infrastructure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is accountability in state institutions important for inclusive development?

    <p>It builds political support for pro-poor actions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can enhance the competitiveness of private investments?

    <p>Broad-based expansion of schooling and community involvement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which initiative can help manage common resources effectively within communities?

    <p>Community-based schemes to protect resources (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is least likely to contribute to inclusive economic development?

    <p>Developing infrastructure to serve larger businesses only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for reducing infant mortality rates by two-thirds from 1990 to 2015?

    <p>A 30 percent decline in the rate of economic growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following strategies aims to promote economic growth and reduce income inequality?

    <p>Promoting opportunity, empowerment, and security (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do market reforms play in the economic strategy proposed?

    <p>They can expand opportunities for poor people (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are infrastructure investments critical in reducing poverty?

    <p>They enhance access to health services and education (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the decline in maternal mortality ratios characterized in relation to developmental goals?

    <p>It is declining too slowly to achieve international goals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary condition for the success of the proposed poverty reduction strategy?

    <p>Equitable growth alongside opportunities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is essential in generating opportunities for poor people?

    <p>Increased access to jobs, credit, and markets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the strategy view the relationship between the elements of promoting opportunity, empowerment, and security?

    <p>They are deeply complementary and interdependent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the critical requirements for improving public services in poor areas?

    <p>Implementing broad-based provision of basic urban services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can decentralization contribute to poverty alleviation in poor areas?

    <p>By bringing service agencies closer to poor communities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach is necessary for empowering local communities in resource management?

    <p>Strengthening local capacity and devolution of financial resources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy is emphasized for addressing asset inequalities in impoverished areas?

    <p>Promotion of inclusive decentralization and community development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does empowering citizens play in improving public sector performance?

    <p>It enhances citizens' ability to shape and monitor services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is vital for enhancing the material prospects for poor people?

    <p>Addressing social and economic accountability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which measure can help prevent the capture of resources by local elites?

    <p>Expanding access to information for local communities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact can reforming public administrations have on the lives of poor people?

    <p>It can have a major positive impact by increasing responsiveness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Pro-poor public action

    Government actions designed to reduce poverty by supporting poor communities.

    Complementary public investment

    Public funding that supports and strengthens private investments, boosting competitiveness.

    Informal sector

    Part of the economy that operates outside of official government regulations.

    Land tenure inadequacies

    Problems with land ownership systems that discourage small investments.

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    International markets

    Opportunities for job and income growth in global trade.

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    Infrastructure expansion

    Growing the supporting systems needed to develop economies.

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    Community engagement

    Involving local populations in service selection and management for accountability.

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    Political and legal basis for inclusive development

    Open and accountable government systems for all people's growth.

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    Public service improvements

    Actions to enhance public services, improve accountability, and responsiveness to poor communities.

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    Asset deprivations

    Lack of resources, including at a community or regional level, which hinder economic prospects for poor people.

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    Inclusive decentralization

    Giving local communities control over resources and services to enhance their power.

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    Community development

    Local initiatives that improve a community's well-being and opportunities.

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    Empowerment of institutions

    Strengthening state and social institutions to reduce barriers to economic growth and opportunity.

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    Economic growth and poverty reduction

    Improved economic conditions and reduced poverty rates.

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    Citizen monitoring

    Community oversight of government agencies to ensure accountability.

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    Local capacity building

    Strengthening local abilities and skills, especially in infrastructure and governing.

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    Infant mortality reduction

    Reducing infant deaths significantly (two-thirds) by a certain time (1990-2015).

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    Market reforms for poor

    Reforms of the market systems can help provide opportunities for those in poverty, but these need to respect local conditions.

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    Health system capacity

    The ability of health care systems in developing countries to deliver essential services, such as preventing and treating diseases.

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    Poverty reduction strategies (3 ways)

    A multi-pronged approach to poverty, involving promoting opportunity, facilitating empowerment, and enhancing security.

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    AIDS epidemic impact

    The HIV/AIDS epidemic is a significant contributor to rising infant mortality, in certain regions.

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    Material opportunities for poor people

    Essential goods and services, such as jobs, credit, infrastructure (roads, electricity), market access for produce, and adequate health care and schools.

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    Governance and institutions (1990s)

    Governance and institutions were considered crucial for tackling poverty during the 1990s.

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    Study Notes

    Attacking Poverty: Opportunity, Empowerment, and Security

    • Poverty is a multifaceted issue encompassing economic, political, and social factors, which interact and exacerbate each other; its consequences are severe deprivations of fundamental human freedoms.
    • Key characteristics of poverty include lack of adequate food, shelter, education, and health, extreme vulnerability to illness, economic dislocation, and natural disasters, poor treatment by institutions, and lack of influence in key decisions.
    • The experience of multiple deprivations in poverty is intense and often perceived as insurmountable.
    • Poverty is not insurmountable, illustrated by the example of Basrabai, a local council chair in India, who demonstrates resilience and agency despite poverty's challenges.
    • Promoting opportunities, such as stimulating economic growth, improving market functions and building assets, is vital for poverty reduction.
    • Political power is unevenly distributed, often mirroring economic power, thus impacting the lives of poor people.
    • Poor people frequently lack access to benefits like education and healthcare offered by the public sector.
    • Corruption and arbitrariness can particularly disadvantage the poor.
    • Many similar themes of poverty (lack of income opportunities, poor market access, and unmet needs) emerge in diverse contexts.
    • Poverty alleviation requires a combined approach of empowerment and security along with increased opportunity.

    The Voices of the Poor

    • The study of the poor, encompassing 60 countries and 60,000 individuals, reveals the realities of poverty firsthand.
    • Poverty profoundly impacts individuals' lives and well-being.
    • Quotations from different parts of the world depict poverty as a condition marked by humiliation and dependence.
    • The struggle of poor people is intensified due to social norms and practices that discriminate against certain groups.
    • External uncontrollable events like illness, violence, economic crises, and natural disasters exacerbate the hardships faced by the poor.
    • Enhancing security measures like reducing the threat of natural or economic disasters and providing support mechanisms are also imperative.

    A Better World for All: International Development Goals

    • The international community acknowledges and articulates specific goals to combat poverty globally.
    • Key targets include halving the proportion of people living in extreme poverty, ensuring universal primary education, eliminating gender inequality in education, reducing infant and child mortality, lowering maternal mortality rates, and expanding access to reproductive health services.
    • Progress toward these goals has exhibited mixed results, with some countries showing improvements while others have experienced setbacks.
    • Poverty continues to be a global challenge, with considerable diversity in experiences and outcomes, highlighting the need for tailored, context-specific solutions.

    International Actions and Opportunity

    • Developed countries have a duty to support poverty reduction through open trade, efficient management of economic crises, and enhanced aid.
    • Targeted support for developing countries through investments and trade can accelerate growth.
    • The need for open and accountable public and private institutions as well as transparent decision-making and implementation of policies is also emphasised.

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    Related Documents

    World Bank Attacking Poverty Overview PDF 2000-2001

    Description

    This quiz explores the multifaceted issue of poverty, highlighting its economic, political, and social dimensions. It examines the severe deprivations caused by poverty and illustrates how resilience and empowerment can lead to overcoming these challenges. Learn about the importance of opportunities and political power in combating poverty.

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