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Questions and Answers
What is the primary challenge faced by the Indian economy?
What is the primary challenge faced by the Indian economy?
According to the Tendulkar Committee methodology, what is the daily expenditure threshold below which a person is considered poor in rural areas?
According to the Tendulkar Committee methodology, what is the daily expenditure threshold below which a person is considered poor in rural areas?
What is the main objective of the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM)?
What is the main objective of the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM)?
What is the primary objective of the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihood Mission (DAY-NULM)?
What is the primary objective of the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihood Mission (DAY-NULM)?
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What is the purpose of the Public Distribution System (PDS)?
What is the purpose of the Public Distribution System (PDS)?
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What has been the trend in poverty rate in India from 2004-05 to 2011-12?
What has been the trend in poverty rate in India from 2004-05 to 2011-12?
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What has been the trend in the number of poor people in India from 2004-05 to 2011-12?
What has been the trend in the number of poor people in India from 2004-05 to 2011-12?
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What is the main objective of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)?
What is the main objective of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)?
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Study Notes
Poverty Reduction in the Indian Economy
Overview
- Poverty reduction is a significant challenge for the Indian economy, with a large proportion of the population living below the poverty line.
- The Indian government has implemented various policies and programs to reduce poverty and improve living standards.
Poverty Measurement
- Poverty is measured using the Tendulkar Committee methodology, which considers a person poor if they spend less than ₹27 per day in rural areas and ₹33 per day in urban areas.
- The Rangarajan Committee methodology is also used, which considers a person poor if they spend less than ₹32 per day in rural areas and ₹47 per day in urban areas.
Poverty Reduction Strategies
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Rural Development Programs:
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): guarantees 100 days of employment per year to rural households.
- National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM): aims to reduce poverty by promoting self-employment and entrepreneurship among rural women.
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Urban Poverty Reduction:
- National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM): aims to reduce poverty and improve livelihoods of urban poor through skill training and micro-enterprise development.
- Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihood Mission (DAY-NULM): provides financial assistance to urban poor for skill upgradation and entrepreneurship.
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Social Welfare Schemes:
- Public Distribution System (PDS): provides subsidized food and other essential commodities to below poverty line (BPL) households.
- Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY): provides highly subsidized food to the poorest of the poor.
- National Food Security Act (NFSA): aims to provide food security to two-thirds of the population.
Poverty Reduction Achievements
- Poverty Rate Reduction: The poverty rate has declined from 37.2% in 2004-05 to 21.9% in 2011-12.
- Number of Poor: The number of poor has declined from 407 million in 2004-05 to 269 million in 2011-12.
- Human Development Index (HDI) Improvement: India's HDI ranking has improved from 131 in 2005 to 129 in 2019.
Challenges and Concerns
- Inequality and Exclusion: Poverty reduction programs often fail to reach the most vulnerable sections of the population, including SC/ST communities, women, and minorities.
- Quality of Education and Healthcare: Access to quality education and healthcare remains a challenge for the poor, hindering their ability to break out of the poverty cycle.
- Climate Change and Natural Disasters: Climate change and natural disasters can reverse poverty reduction gains and push people back into poverty.
Poverty Reduction in the Indian Economy
Poverty Overview
- A significant proportion of India's population lives below the poverty line, making poverty reduction a major challenge.
Poverty Measurement
- The Tendulkar Committee methodology defines poverty as spending less than ₹27 per day in rural areas and ₹33 per day in urban areas.
- The Rangarajan Committee methodology defines poverty as spending less than ₹32 per day in rural areas and ₹47 per day in urban areas.
Poverty Reduction Strategies
Rural Development Programs
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) guarantees 100 days of employment per year to rural households.
- National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) aims to reduce poverty by promoting self-employment and entrepreneurship among rural women.
Urban Poverty Reduction
- National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM) aims to reduce poverty and improve livelihoods of urban poor through skill training and micro-enterprise development.
- Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihood Mission (DAY-NULM) provides financial assistance to urban poor for skill upgradation and entrepreneurship.
Social Welfare Schemes
- Public Distribution System (PDS) provides subsidized food and other essential commodities to below poverty line (BPL) households.
- Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) provides highly subsidized food to the poorest of the poor.
- National Food Security Act (NFSA) aims to provide food security to two-thirds of the population.
Poverty Reduction Achievements
- The poverty rate has declined from 37.2% in 2004-05 to 21.9% in 2011-12.
- The number of poor has declined from 407 million in 2004-05 to 269 million in 2011-12.
- India's Human Development Index (HDI) ranking has improved from 131 in 2005 to 129 in 2019.
Challenges and Concerns
- Poverty reduction programs often fail to reach vulnerable sections of the population, including SC/ST communities, women, and minorities.
- Access to quality education and healthcare remains a challenge for the poor, hindering their ability to break out of the poverty cycle.
- Climate change and natural disasters can reverse poverty reduction gains and push people back into poverty.
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Description
This quiz covers the challenges of poverty reduction in India, government policies, and measurement methodologies. It's essential for understanding the Indian economy and its efforts to improve living standards.
