Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a potential issue with applying Western-style parenting to non-Western cultures?
What is a potential issue with applying Western-style parenting to non-Western cultures?
- It is more cost-effective
- It is more effective in promoting child development
- It may be perceived as morally superior
- It may not account for local cultural norms and values (correct)
What is parentification, as defined in the context of child development?
What is parentification, as defined in the context of child development?
- Children assuming adult or parental responsibilities that are developmentally inappropriate (correct)
- Children being overly dependent on their parents
- Children taking on age-appropriate responsibilities
- Children receiving excessive care and attention from parents
In some cultures, children's assistance in caregiving is viewed as:
In some cultures, children's assistance in caregiving is viewed as:
- A sign of neglect
- A result of parental laziness
- Normative and a valuable contribution to the family (correct)
- Developmentally inappropriate
In Zambia, older siblings often play a greater role in caregiving than their parents, resulting in younger siblings developing an attachment to:
In Zambia, older siblings often play a greater role in caregiving than their parents, resulting in younger siblings developing an attachment to:
What is a criticism of standardized tests in cross-cultural contexts?
What is a criticism of standardized tests in cross-cultural contexts?
What is the term for the amount of cultural content included in a test or how the test is conducted?
What is the term for the amount of cultural content included in a test or how the test is conducted?
What is a potential issue with intelligence tests developed by White American psychologists?
What is a potential issue with intelligence tests developed by White American psychologists?
Why might people from different cultural backgrounds perform poorly on intelligence tests?
Why might people from different cultural backgrounds perform poorly on intelligence tests?
What has been a limitation of treatment approaches in the past?
What has been a limitation of treatment approaches in the past?
What is a key aspect of the Indigenous Turn?
What is a key aspect of the Indigenous Turn?
What is the primary objective of Indigenous Psychology?
What is the primary objective of Indigenous Psychology?
What is a consequence of historical, cross-generational trauma experienced by First Nations Australians?
What is a consequence of historical, cross-generational trauma experienced by First Nations Australians?
What is a key aspect of Indigenous Knowledge Systems?
What is a key aspect of Indigenous Knowledge Systems?
What has been a silence of the past?
What has been a silence of the past?
What is the focus of Indigenous Psychology in terms of understanding mental health?
What is the focus of Indigenous Psychology in terms of understanding mental health?
What is a key aspect of the revitalization of Indigenous practices?
What is a key aspect of the revitalization of Indigenous practices?
What is the Australian Government's stance on improving Indigenous Australians' health and well-being?
What is the Australian Government's stance on improving Indigenous Australians' health and well-being?
What is the primary reason for the increased interest in acculturation studies?
What is the primary reason for the increased interest in acculturation studies?
What is the primary purpose of the NHMRC guidelines for ethical conduct in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health research?
What is the primary purpose of the NHMRC guidelines for ethical conduct in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health research?
What is the main focus of acculturation research?
What is the main focus of acculturation research?
According to Berry's model, what are the four orientations of acculturation?
According to Berry's model, what are the four orientations of acculturation?
What are unwritten cultural scripts passed down through socialization and enculturation?
What are unwritten cultural scripts passed down through socialization and enculturation?
What is the primary characteristic of monochronic cultures?
What is the primary characteristic of monochronic cultures?
What is the primary factor that influences acculturation outcomes?
What is the primary factor that influences acculturation outcomes?
What is the relationship between ethnic identity and acculturation?
What is the relationship between ethnic identity and acculturation?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of polychronic cultures?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of polychronic cultures?
What is the primary goal of the Reconciliation Action Plan in psychology?
What is the primary goal of the Reconciliation Action Plan in psychology?
What is the primary focus of Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory?
What is the primary focus of Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory?
What is the focus of the South-Asian Identity Development Model?
What is the focus of the South-Asian Identity Development Model?
What is the primary benefit of tolerance and acceptance as culturally sensitive attitudes?
What is the primary benefit of tolerance and acceptance as culturally sensitive attitudes?
Why do research studies on acculturation often focus on migrant, racialised, and ethnicized groups?
Why do research studies on acculturation often focus on migrant, racialised, and ethnicized groups?
What is the primary challenge of interacting with diverse cultural backgrounds in a globalized world?
What is the primary challenge of interacting with diverse cultural backgrounds in a globalized world?
What is the emerging trend in psychological research involving Indigenous peoples?
What is the emerging trend in psychological research involving Indigenous peoples?
What is essential for effective communication with diverse cultures?
What is essential for effective communication with diverse cultures?
What is the primary goal of models like LaFromboise et al.'s?
What is the primary goal of models like LaFromboise et al.'s?
Why is cultural competence an ethical responsibility for psychologists?
Why is cultural competence an ethical responsibility for psychologists?
What is crucial for operating in multicultural societies?
What is crucial for operating in multicultural societies?
What should cultural awareness training emphasize?
What should cultural awareness training emphasize?
What is important for effective communication with Indigenous peoples?
What is important for effective communication with Indigenous peoples?
What is necessary for psychologists to be culturally responsive?
What is necessary for psychologists to be culturally responsive?
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Study Notes
Attachment Theory and Parenting
- Attachment theory invites moral judgement of parenting and raises ethical issues when applying Western-style parenting without understanding local cultures
- Parentification is a phenomenon where children assume adult or parental responsibilities that are developmentally inappropriate
- In some collectivist cultures, children's assistance in caregiving is considered normative, such as in Zambia, where older siblings play a greater role in caregiving and younger siblings develop an attachment to their older siblings
Criticism of Standardized Tests
- Standardized tests are criticized for being invalid for children from non-dominant cultures
- Historical controversy surrounds psychological testing and assessment with racial/ethnic minority groups, as tests were standardized, validated, and reliable primarily with White, middle-class, English-language samples
- Culture Load refers to the amount of cultural content included in a test or how the test is conducted, which can influence performance
Indigenous Psychology
- The Indigenous Turn recognizes Indigenous ways of doing, knowing, and living as crucial for understanding various aspects, from brain function to studying stars
- Indigenous Psychology emerges as part of this resurgence of Indigenous knowledges and self-determination
- The objective of Indigenous Psychology is to develop psychologies that are not imposed, influenced by the cultural context, and developed from within the culture
- Revitalizing pathways for connecting to culture is essential for healing, especially for First Nations Australians
Understanding Culture and Its Context
- Culture has a significant impact on daily life, including unwritten cultural scripts passed down through socialization and enculturation
- Challenges arise when interacting with diverse cultural backgrounds in a globalized world, leading to culture shock experienced by migrants in new environments
- Development and maintenance of multiple identities occur in cultural transitions
Dimensions of Culture
- Unwritten rules guiding daily life set different cultural groups apart
- Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory measures values and behaviors across six dimensions, although criticism exists, the model remains useful in promoting cultural relations
- Tolerance and acceptance are essential culturally sensitive attitudes towards different cultures
Time and Culture
- Cultural differences exist in attitudes towards time, influencing behavior
- Monochronic cultures have linear time segments and strict schedules, whereas polychronic cultures have fluid time and less strict regulations
- Hall's identification of time perspective differences in cultures highlights the distinction between monochronic and polychronic cultures
Acculturation and Assimilation
- Accumulation involves changes individuals and groups undergo when encountering a new culture, as a dynamic process of integration while retaining elements of one's cultural heritage
- Research often focuses on migrant, racialized, and ethicized groups, with power relationships, history, and policies of the receiving country impacting acculturation
- Ethnic identity and acculturation are not mutually exclusive but can lead to friction, with models identifying types of acculturations and stages leading to a positive bicultural identity
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