Attachment Styles and Their Impact
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Attachment Styles and Their Impact

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Questions and Answers

Which attachment style is characterized by an unresponsive parent leading to avoidance of closeness by the child?

  • Secure Attachment
  • Avoidant Attachment (correct)
  • Anxious Attachment
  • Disorganized Attachment

    • Securely attached children see themselves as unworthy of love.

    False

    What internal working model do children with secure attachment develop?

    Secure IWM

    An anxious attachment style is often characterized by a child who clings to the caregiver but then __________.

    <p>resists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following attachment styles with their corresponding internal working models:

    <p>Secure Attachment = Secure IWM Avoidant Attachment = Dismissive IWM Anxious Attachment = Preoccupied IWM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes a child with avoidant attachment?

    <p>The child avoids the caregiver and shows independence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the strongest predictor of an infant's secure or insecure attachment?

    <p>The caregiver's internal working model.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An insecurely attached child views the world positively and trusts others.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theorist emphasized the importance of attachment throughout life stages?

    <p>John Bowlby</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Close bonds formed in childhood do not influence self-esteem development.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three systems mentioned that relate to attachment behavior?

    <p>Care Seeking System, Exploratory System, Care Giving System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Secure attachment leads to better ______________ skills.

    <p>social</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts to their descriptions:

    <p>Self-esteem = Confidence in one's worth or abilities Cognitive growth = Development of thinking and understanding Social skills = Ability to interact positively with others Internal working models = Mental representations of self and others based on early experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Harry Harlow's studies, children seek comfort from caregivers primarily due to:

    <p>A primal need for safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does secure attachment have on cognitive growth in childhood?

    <p>It enhances school performance and overall cognitive development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central idea of John Bowlby's Theory of Attachment?

    <p>Bowlby's Theory of Attachment emphasizes that human attachment is essential for emotional and social development throughout life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does classical conditioning relate to closeness seeking behaviors according to behaviorists?

    <p>Behaviorists argue that closeness seeking behaviors are learned through classical conditioning where the caregiver is associated with food and comfort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the concept of the Care Seeking System in attachment theory.

    <p>The Care Seeking System is an instinctive drive to seek proximity to a caregiver who can provide comfort and protection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does research suggest about the impact of secure attachment on social skills?

    <p>Secure attachment is linked to better social skills and reduced aggression in children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the Exploratory System play in a child's development?

    <p>The Exploratory System allows children to explore their environment and develop mastery when they feel safe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Harry Harlow's studies, what primary need do children seek to fulfill through closeness with caregivers?

    <p>Children seek comfort from caregivers primarily due to their need for emotional security rather than just food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential outcomes for children who do not experience secure attachment?

    <p>Children without secure attachment may struggle with emotional regulation, self-esteem, and face challenges in social interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain how the Care Giving System is significant in the context of attachment.

    <p>The Care Giving System refers to the instinct to monitor and support a specific person, helping them manage their emotions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What underlying belief does a securely attached child develop about themselves and caregivers?

    <p>A securely attached child believes they are worthy of love and that their caregiver is responsive and reliable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an anxious attachment style manifest in a child's behavior towards their caregiver?

    <p>A child with an anxious attachment style clings to their caregiver while simultaneously resisting closeness out of fear of abandonment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Internal Working Model (IWM) represent in the context of attachment theory?

    <p>The IWM represents the mental framework that individuals develop based on their early attachment experiences, influencing their beliefs about themselves and others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does an avoidant attachment style have on a child's trust in others?

    <p>An avoidant attachment style leads a child to be uncomfortable with closeness and to struggle with trusting others fully.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might the childhood experiences of a child with a responsive parent impact their future relationships?

    <p>The child with a responsive parent develops a secure IWM, leading to healthier, trusting relationships in adulthood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the emotional state of a child who experiences inconsistent parenting?

    <p>A child experiencing inconsistent parenting may feel insecure and develop anxiety around attachment and closeness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In attachment theory, how can the concept of 'I’m here, you’re worth it' be understood?

    <p>This phrase reflects the secure state of mind that comes from having a responsive caregiver, fostering a sense of worthiness in the child.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the caregiver's internal working model play in determining the attachment style of their child?

    <p>The caregiver's internal working model significantly influences how they respond to their child's needs, shaping the child's attachment style.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Attachment Styles

    • Secure Attachment: Parent is responsive to child's needs, making the child feel seen, safe, soothed, and secure. The child uses the caregiver as both a secure base for exploration and a safe haven when distressed.
    • Avoidant Attachment: Parent is unresponsive to the child's needs for closeness. The child demonstrates insecurity by avoiding the caregiver.
    • Anxious Attachment: Parent is inconsistent or intrusive, leading to a child who clings to the caregiver, but then resists the closeness by fighting against it.

    Internal Working Models (IWMs)

    • Secure Attachment leads to Secure IWM.
    • Avoidant Attachment leads to Dismissing IWM.
    • Anxious Attachment leads to Preoccupied IWM.

    Secure Attachment's Impact

    • Securely attached children develop an internal working model of a responsive, loving, and reliable caregiver.
    • They view themselves as worthy of love and attention.
    • These assumptions influence their future relationships.

    Insecure Attachment's Impact

    • Insecurely attached children may perceive the world as dangerous and view others with caution.
    • They may see themselves as ineffective and unworthy of love.

    Importance of Caregiver's IWM

    • The caregiver's internal working model (state of mind) is the strongest predictor of a child's secure or insecure attachment.
    • The saying "We do unto others as we’re done to" highlights the influence of caregiver's IWM on the child's attachment.

    Behaviorist View of Closeness Seeking

    • Behaviorists argue that closeness seeking is learned behavior through classical conditioning (association with food) and operant conditioning (reinforcement).
    • They believe closeness-seeking behaviors lead to dependence.

    Harry Harlow's Research on Attachment

    • Harlow's research demonstrated that children seek closeness not just for food, but for comfort, highlighting a primate need for comfort.
    • Responding to closeness seeking does not create dependence but allows for independence.

    John Bowlby's Theory of Attachment

    • Bowlby's theory emphasizes the biological basis of attachment, suggesting an innate "Care Seeking System" driving the need for proximity to a specific person for comfort, protection, and feeling regulated.
    • The "Exploratory System" is the innate curiosity and desire for mastery. It functions when the child feels safe to do so.
    • The "Care Giving System" is the instinct to care for, comfort, and regulate the feelings of a specific person.

    Benefits of Secure Attachment

    • Secure attachment benefits include improved emotional regulation, self-esteem, school performance, social skills, and reduced aggression.

    Attachment's Importance Throughout Life

    • Attachment is central to our lives, influencing us throughout childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.
    • Secure attachment provides the strength to overcome obstacles and the will to live fully.

    Importance of Early Experiences

    • Each individual carries a complex history of moments where they felt valued or unvalued, their needs met or unmet.

    Behavioral View of Closeness Seeking Behaviors

    • Closeness seeking behaviors are learned through classical conditioning and are reinforced through operant conditioning
    • Caregiver has been associated with food
    • Closeness seeking is seen as a learned behavior
    • Responding to closeness seeking behaviors does not create dependence, rather it helps with independence

    John Bowlby's Theory of Attachment

    • Humans have an innate need for connection that drives our behavior
    • Attachment is the basis for our emotional, cognitive, and social development

    Care Seeking System

    • An instinct to seek proximity to a specific person who will offer comfort, protection, and emotional regulation
    • This system is activated when a child feels threatened or distressed

    Exploratory System

    • The instinct to follow one's curiosity and desire for mastery
    • This system is activated when the child feels safe and secure

    Care Giving System

    • The instinct to monitor a specific person and to comfort and/or organize that person's feelings when necessary
    • This is how parents and caregivers provide comfort and security to children

    Benefits of Secure Attachment

    • Emotional: Better regulation of emotions, increased self-esteem
    • Cognitive: Improved school performance
    • Social: Better social skills and less aggression

    Attachment Styles

    • Secure Attachment: Parent is responsive to child’s needs and child feels seen, safe, soothed, and secure; child uses caregiver as a secure base and safe haven
    • Avoidant Attachment: Parent is unresponsive to child’s needs for closeness; child shows insecurity by avoiding caregiver
    • Anxious Attachment: Parent is inconsistent or intrusive; child clings to caregiver and then resists by fighting against closeness

    Internal Working Models (IWM)

    • Childhood attachment strategies develop into IWMs which influence how we view ourselves and our relationships
    • Secure Attachment → Secure IWM
    • Avoidant Attachment → Dismissing IWM
    • Anxious Attachment → Preoccupied IWM

    Secure Attachment (IWM)

    • A securely attached child will have an IWM of a responsive, loving, and reliable caregiver
    • The child sees themselves as worthy of love and attention
    • These assumptions are brought to bear on all other relationships

    Insecure Attachment (IWM)

    • An insecurely attached child may view the world as a dangerous place and other people as untrustworthy
    • They are more likely to seek out validation from others
    • They might feel a sense of worthlessness

    Jude Cassidy's Internal Working Model

    • Responsive Parent: The parent is consistently available and provide emotional support
    • Secure State of Mind: The child feels safe, loved, and secure in their relationships

    The Strongest Predictor

    • The strongest predictor of secure or insecure attachment is the caregiver's internal working model
    • "We do unto others as we're done to"- This is based on the idea that our own experiences with attachment, shape our own attachment styles

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    Related Documents

    Chapter 10 Emotional Development PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores different attachment styles including secure, avoidant, and anxious attachments, and their effects on internal working models. Understand how these attachment dynamics influence children's development and future relationships. Test your knowledge on the concepts and implications surrounding attachment theory.

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