Atropine Pharmacology Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the drug classification for atropine sulfate?

Anti-cholinergic agent

Antidote

Anti-spasmodic agent

All of the above (correct)

Atropine sulfate mechanism of action pharmacologically does what?

Blocks the action of acetylcholine as a competitive edge antagonist at muscarinic receptor sites and smooth muscle, secretory glands in the CNS.

Atropine sulfate reverses the muscarinic effects of?

Cholinergic poisoning

In high enough doses, atropine may have an effect on?

Nicotinic receptors Signup and view all the answers

What clinical effect does atropine have on the cardiovascular system?

Increase heart rate and conduction velocity Signup and view all the answers

What clinical effect does atropine have on the respiratory system?

Decreased mucus production and increased bronchial smooth muscle relaxation Signup and view all the answers

What clinical effect does atropine have on the G.I., GU systems and miscellaneous?

Decrease G.I. secretion and motility, decreased urinary bladder tone Signup and view all the answers

What are indications of use for atropine?

Symptomatic bradycardia, Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor poisoning Signup and view all the answers

Hypersensitivity to what is a contraindication for giving atropine?

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor poisoning Signup and view all the answers

Glaucoma and acute narrow angle are relative contraindications for which drug?

Atropine Signup and view all the answers

What diseases are contraindicated with administration of atropine?

Hepatic, renal, obstructive uropathy, asthma Signup and view all the answers

If the patient has myasthenia gravis, and is showing side effects from Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, what drug can you give?

Atropine Signup and view all the answers

What type of heart blocks are contraindicated in the use of atropine?

Mobitz type II and 3rd degree Signup and view all the answers

What risk category for pregnancy is atropine, and can it pass into breast milk of nursing mothers?

Risk category C Signup and view all the answers

What are the major adverse reactions of atropine?

Tachydysrhythmias, flushing, ventricular irritability Signup and view all the answers

What are the minor adverse reactions of atropine?

Dry mouth, loss of taste, nausea Signup and view all the answers

What are incompatibilities with atropine?

Y site incompatible with thiopental Signup and view all the answers

What drug interaction with atropine may increase the levels/effects of it?

Anticholinergics, cannabinodis, and potassium chloride Signup and view all the answers

What drug interaction with atropine may decrease the levels/effects of it?

Phenothiazines and Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

What drug interaction with atropine and concurrent use with what drugs may result in additive cholinergic side effects?

Psychotropics Signup and view all the answers

When giving atropine in an adult via IV/IO, how do you deliver the medication?

Administer undiluted by rapid injection Signup and view all the answers

Given IM, where should Atropen be administered?

To outer thigh Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Atropine Overview

Classified as an anti-cholinergic agent, antidote, anti-spasmodic, antiarrhythmic, and anti-muscarinic.
Mechanism of action includes blocking acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors and smooth muscle, facilitating sympathetic dominance.

Indications and Effects

Used primarily for symptomatic bradycardia and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor poisoning.
Reverses muscarinic effects such as bronchorrhea and bronchoconstriction.
Positive chronotropic effect on the cardiovascular system, increasing heart rate and conduction velocity.
Respiratory effects include reduced mucus production and bronchodilation.
Decreases gastrointestinal secretion and motility; causes urinary bladder tone reduction and mydriasis.

Contraindications and Precautions

Hypersensitivity to atropine or its components; contraindicated in glaucoma, hepatic, renal diseases, asthma, thyrotoxicosis, and myasthenia gravis.
Mobitz type II and third-degree heart blocks are contraindicated.
Risk category C for pregnancy; crosses placenta and may suppress lactation.

Adverse Reactions

Major: tachydysrhythmias, flushing, ventricular irritability, exacerbation of angina, acute narrow angle glaucoma, blurred vision, and agitation to delirium.
Minor: dry mouth, loss of taste, urinary retention, nausea, vomiting, and muscle weakness.

Drug Interactions

Can have increased effects with anticholinergics, cannabinoids, potassium chloride, and pramlintide.
May have decreased effects when used with phenothiazines, central acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and secretin.
Concurrent use with psychotropics may lead to additive cholinergic side effects.

Administration Guidelines

Administer undiluted via rapid IV/IO injection; slow injection may cause paradoxical bradycardia.
For IM administration via Atropen, inject into the outer thigh, can penetrate clothing; hold for 10 seconds after injection and massage the site.

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Description

Test your knowledge on atropine sulfate with this set of flashcards. Explore its drug classification, mechanism of action, and various pharmacological effects. Perfect for students in pharmacology or medicine.