Questions and Answers
What is the classification of Atropine Sulfate?
What are the therapeutic effects of Atropine?
Inhibits parasympathetic stimulation, decreases vagal tone, allows bronchioles to dilate.
What is the primary indication for Atropine?
Hemodynamically unstable bradycardia and pesticide poisoning.
Known hypersensitivity to Atropine is a contraindication.
Signup and view all the answers
What are some cardiovascular side effects of Atropine?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the neurological side effects of Atropine?
Signup and view all the answers
What gastrointestinal side effects can be caused by Atropine?
Signup and view all the answers
What administration method is used for Atropine in bradydysrhythmias?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the maximum single dose of Atropine for pediatrics in bradydysrhythmia?
Signup and view all the answers
Signs of proper atropinization for pesticide poisoning include improved tidal volume or ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Neonates should be given Atropine for bradydysrhythmia.
Signup and view all the answers
What are common household pesticides mentioned?
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Signup and view all the answers
What is the dose range frequently published for Atropine?
Signup and view all the answers
Paradoxical bradycardia may result from slow IV push of Atropine.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Classification of Atropine Sulfate
- Acts as a parasympathetic blocker, which inhibits parasympathetic functions.
- Functions as a vagolytic agent by blocking vagal influences.
- Classified as anticholinergic due to blocking acetylcholine at receptor sites.
- Exhibits sympathomimetic properties, mimicking sympathetic nervous system activity.
Therapeutic Effects of Atropine
- Inhibits parasympathetic stimulation by blocking acetylcholine receptors.
- Increases heart rate by decreasing vagal tone and enhancing SA node automaticity and AV node conduction.
- Facilitates bronchodilation and reduces secretions in the respiratory tract.
Indications for Atropine
- Utilized for hemodynamically unstable bradycardia when pacing is unavailable.
- Effective in cases of pesticide poisoning, particularly with organophosphates and carbamates.
Contraindications for Atropine
- Should not be administered to individuals with known hypersensitivity to the drug.
Cardiovascular Side Effects of Atropine
- May induce tachycardia and increase oxygen demand on the heart.
- Possible complications include bradycardia and an increased incidence of Mobitz type II and third-degree heart block.
Neurological Side Effects of Atropine
- Effects include pupil dilation, blurred vision, dizziness, confusion, restlessness, drowsiness, and headaches.
- Possible symptoms such as photophobia or seizures can occur.
Respiratory Side Effects of Atropine
- Can lead to the development of dry mucus plugs in the airways.
Gastrointestinal Side Effects of Atropine
- Common side effects include dry mouth, excessive thirst, and difficulty swallowing.
Other Side Effects of Atropine
- Results in hot, dry skin and can worsen pre-existing glaucoma conditions.
Administration of Atropine for Bradydysrhythmias
- Adult IV push: 0.5 mg rapidly, can be repeated every 3 to 5 minutes to a maximum of 3 mg or 0.04 mg/kg.
- For ET tube administration, deliver 2 to 2.5 times the IV dose, diluted with Normal Saline.
Administration of Atropine for Pesticide Poisoning
- For adults, administer 2 mg every 5 to 15 minutes until asymptomatic, with no maximum dose.
- For ET tube, deliver 4 mg diluted with Normal Saline every 5 minutes until therapeutic signs appear.
Pediatric Administration of Atropine for Bradydysrhythmias
- Administer 0.02 mg/kg IV or IO, may repeat once after 5 minutes.
- ET tube dosage is 0.04 mg/kg, not to be repeated.
Dosing Guidelines for Pediatrics
- Minimum single dose is 0.1 mg.
- Maximum single dose: 0.5 mg for infants/children, 1 mg for adolescents.
Pediatric Administration for Pesticide Poisoning
- Administer 0.05 mg/kg IV, IM, or IO every 10 minutes until therapeutic results.
- ET tube dosage is 0.1 mg/kg diluted in Normal Saline.
Dose Range for Atropine
- Commonly published dose range is 0.5 to 1.0 mg.
- Typical adult field dose for bradycardia is generally 0.5 mg.
Paradoxical Bradycardia
- Can occur if atropine is administered as a slow IV push or in doses less than 0.5 mg in adults.
Cautionary Use Cases
- Caution is needed in suspected acute myocardial infarction, as atropine can increase myocardial oxygen demand and risk injury.
- Use with care in patients with infranodal heart blocks.
Neonates and Atropine
- Atropine is contraindicated in neonates; epinephrine is preferred for bradydysrhythmias.
Signs of Proper Atropinization in Pesticide Poisoning
- Improvement in tidal volume and bag-mask ventilator compliance.
- Reduction in shortness of breath and wheezing.
- Enhanced oxygen saturation (SpO2) and blood pressure.
- Possible improvement in level of consciousness, with drying of skin and secretions.
Mnemonic for Signs of Excessive Atropine Administration
- "Red as a beet, Dry as a bone, Hot as a pistol, Blind as a bat, Mad as a hatter."
Common Household Pesticides
- Includes flea and tick collars, dips, and sprays.
- Ant and roach sprays, over-the-counter bug bombs, and garden pesticides are common offenders.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of Atropine Sulfate with these flashcards covering its classification and therapeutic effects. Learn about this key medication's role as a parasympathetic blocker and its impact on heart rate and respiratory function.
