Questions and Answers
What is the generic name of Atropine?
What is the trade name for Atropine?
Atropine
The onset of Atropine results in an immediate increase in heart rate and takes __________ minutes to decrease secretions.
5-20
What classification does Atropine fall under?
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Which of the following are indications for using Atropine? (Select all that apply)
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Name one side effect of Atropine.
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The adult dose for unstable bradycardia is __________ mg IV every 5 minutes to a maximum of __________ mg.
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How long does the effect of Atropine last when administered IV?
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Which of the following are special considerations when administering Atropine? (Select all that apply)
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Atropine has a mild effect on increasing bladder tone.
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What is a contraindication for using Atropine?
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What is the pediatric dose for bradycardia?
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Atropine is contraindicated in pediatrics under __________ months.
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Study Notes
Atropine Overview
- Generic Name: Atropine Sulfate
- Trade Name: Atropine
Pharmacokinetics
- Onset: Immediate increase in heart rate (HR); decrease in secretions occurs in 5-20 minutes.
- Duration of action: IV and IM administration lasts for approximately 4 hours.
Classification
- Anticholinergic drug acting as a parasympathetic blocker.
Clinical Uses
- Indicated for conditions such as:
- Symptomatic unstable bradycardia
- Various bradydysrhythmias
- Antidote for anticholinesterase poisoning, including insecticides
- Management of organophosphate poisoning
- Treatment of nerve gas exposure
Dosage Guidelines
- Adult Dosage:
- For unstable bradycardia: 0.5 mg IV every 5 minutes, max of 3 mg or 0.04 mg/kg.
- For organophosphate poisoning: 2 mg rapid IV push or IM, repeat with 1 mg every 5 minutes until symptoms subside.
- Pediatric Dosage:
- For bradycardia: 0.02 mg/kg IV; repeat every 5 minutes, max of 2 mg.
- For organophosphate poisoning: 0.5 mg - 1 mg IM or 0.02 mg/kg rapid IV push.
Special Considerations
- Avoid slow IV push to prevent paradoxical worsening; doses below 0.5 mg can exacerbate symptoms.
- Doses exceeding 3 mg may lead to extreme tachycardia.
- Administer supplemental oxygen before Atropine.
- Caution in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as rapid HR increase can worsen ischemia.
- Not effective for second-degree heart block; avoid use in new wide complex third-degree heart block.
Clinical and Pharmacological Actions
- Increases HR by accelerating sinus node activity.
- Enhances AV conduction and promotes bronchodilation.
- Reduces body secretions, gastrointestinal motility, and bladder tone.
- Pharmacologically inhibits acetylcholine at the parasympathetic neuroeffector sites, blocking vagal effects on SA and AV nodes.
Side Effects
- Potential adverse effects include:
- Tachycardia, angina, palpitations
- Urinary retention, blurred vision
- Anxiety, headache, dizziness
- Delirium, hallucinations, dry mouth, difficulty in speech.
Drug Interactions
- Antacids reduce absorption of Atropine.
- Increased effects when combined with:
- Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
- Anti-dysrhythmic medications
- Meperidine
- Antiparkinsonian drugs.
Contraindications
- Not recommended for patients with:
- Glaucoma
- Asthma
- Third-degree heart block.
Pediatric Considerations
- Contraindicated in children under 6 months of age.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Atropine with these detailed flashcards. Each card covers important aspects including the generic name, trade name, onset of action, classification, and clinical indications. Dive into the specifics of this vital medication and reinforce your understanding of its uses and effects.
