ATP Molecule Structure and Function
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Questions and Answers

In a reaction where Keq = 1, what is the value of ΔG°?

  • Spontaneous
  • 0 (correct)
  • Positive
  • Negative

For Keq < 1, what is the expected sign of ΔG°?

  • Negative
  • Positive (correct)
  • Zero
  • Spontaneous

How does Keq > 1 affect the value of ΔG° in a reaction?

  • It becomes positive
  • It remains zero
  • It becomes negative (correct)
  • It becomes spontaneous

What type of reactions involve the creation of biosynthetic molecules?

<p>Endergonic reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cells, what process releases energy with ATP hydrolysis?

<p>Active transport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ATP in metabolism?

<p>Act as an immediate energy donor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of glycolysis?

<p>Convert glucose to pyruvate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In living organisms, free energy is required for which of the following purposes?

<p>Mechanical work and active transport of biomolecules/ions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do phototrophs capture free energy from the environment?

<p>By converting sunlight into a chemical form through photosynthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

<p>Speed up reaction rate without changing equilibrium constant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the free energy difference (ΔG) determine in a reaction?

<p>Whether the reaction will proceed spontaneously (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organisms obtain free energy as ATP through the oxidation of carbon fuels?

<p>Chemotrophs (such as humans) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in cells?

<p>To act as a free energy donor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of ATP?

<p>Adenine, ribose, and a phosphoanhydride linkage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when ATP is hydrolyzed?

<p>It releases energy and forms ADP and Pi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the high phosphoryl transfer potential of ATP?

<p>It allows ATP to serve as an energy currency in cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the free energy change in ATP hydrolysis large (-30.5 kJ/mol)?

<p>Due to the low stability of the reactants compared to the products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does ATP participate in free energy transfer in biological systems?

<p>By donating its terminal phosphate group to form ADP and Pi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of phosphoryl transfer reactions?

<p>Store energy in the form of ATP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do fatty acids compare to glucose in terms of energy release?

<p>Fatty acids release more energy than glucose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to glucose 6-phosphate during oxidation?

<p>It becomes oxidized to form ATP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP)?

<p>Synthesis of ATP and NADH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the high phosphoryl transfer potential compound in glycerate 1,3-bisphosphate?

<p>ADP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are electrons involved in oxidative phosphorylation?

<p>Released by NADH during electron transport chain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What molecule is formed when acyl groups are attached to CoA through the reactive sulfhydryl group?

<p>Acetyl CoA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin is essential for blood coagulation?

<p>Vitamin K (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What deficiency is associated with Vitamin C?

<p>Scurvy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor makes the transfer of acetyl group to other compounds thermodynamically favourable?

<p>High acetyl-group-transfer potential (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way are most coenzymes activated carriers derived from vitamins?

<p>By being found in organic molecules in food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are metabolic pathways regulated according to the text?

<p>By binding of inhibitors to enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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