ATP-ADP Cycle Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What happens to ATP when energy is needed in a cell?

ATP is broken down into ADP and a phosphate. (correct)

ATP is synthesized from ADP.

ATP is converted into glucose.

ATP is stored for future energy use.

Which of the following molecules is produced when ATP is broken down?

ADP-Phosphate

ATP-3P

ADP (adenosine diphosphate) (correct)

AMP (adenosine monophosphate)

Which component is released during the breakdown of ATP?

Glucose

Phosphate (correct)

Energy

NADH

What is the primary role of ATP in a cell?

To provide energy for cellular processes. Signup and view all the answers

During the ATP-ADP cycle, what is the next step after ATP is converted into ADP?

ADP is recharged into ATP using energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary product of glycolysis?

Pyruvate Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the cell does glycolysis occur?

Cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about glycolysis?

It is an anaerobic process. Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP molecules are produced during glycolysis?

2 ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of NADH produced in glycolysis?

To donate electrons in the electron transport chain Signup and view all the answers

What molecule does each pyruvate convert into before entering the citric acid cycle?

Acetyl CoA Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the citric acid cycle is true?

It requires oxygen to function. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the products of the citric acid cycle?

NADH Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP molecules are produced during one cycle of the citric acid cycle from one pyruvate?

2 ATP Signup and view all the answers

What gas is released as a byproduct of the citric acid cycle?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of ATP produced from glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain combined?

32 ATP Signup and view all the answers

What role do NADH molecules play in cellular metabolism as illustrated in the process?

They serve as electron carriers transferring electrons. Signup and view all the answers

Where does the electron transport chain occur within the cell?

In the mitochondrion Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs first in the energy production pathway before the citric acid cycle?

Glycolysis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the ATP yield from glucose metabolism is correct?

The total theoretical yield from one glucose molecule is 38 ATP. Signup and view all the answers

What primary role does the electron transport chain play in cellular respiration?

It produces ATP by transferring electrons. Signup and view all the answers

Besides glucose, which molecule can be used in cellular respiration?

Fructose Signup and view all the answers

Which process directly utilizes the electron transport chain?

Oxidative phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the input for cellular respiration?

Oxygen and glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

ATP-ADP Cycle

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell.
When energy is needed, ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and a free phosphate group.

Metabolism and Energy Reactions

Cellular respiration provides energy by breaking down glucose through multiple stages: glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain.
Electrons, transferred by NADH, play a crucial role in the energy production process.
Oxygen is essential for the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain, contributing to efficient ATP generation.

Glycolysis

Glycolysis converts one 6-carbon glucose molecule into two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules.
This process occurs in the cytoplasm and is anaerobic, meaning it does not require oxygen.
Glycolysis generates 2 ATP molecules and also produces NADH.
Each pyruvate produced in glycolysis is subsequently converted into acetyl CoA to enter the citric acid cycle.

Citric Acid Cycle

The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, requires oxygen and generates additional NADH along with 2 ATP.
This cycle releases carbon dioxide as a byproduct of metabolic reactions.

Electron Transport Chain

The electron transport chain is the final step in energy extraction from food, producing a significant amount of ATP (around 32 ATP).
This process relies on the presence of oxygen to accept electrons and facilitate ATP production.

Alternative Molecules in Cellular Respiration

Besides glucose, other organic molecules, such as fats and proteins, can also be metabolized for energy through cellular respiration.
The breakdown pathways for these molecules can feed into glycolysis or the citric acid cycle, contributing to ATP production.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the ATP-ADP cycle and how ATP is produced in cells. This quiz will cover key concepts regarding the breakdown of ATP into ADP and phosphate when energy is required by the cell.