Podcast
Questions and Answers
In what order did Mendeleev arrange the elements in the first periodic table?
In what order did Mendeleev arrange the elements in the first periodic table?
By atomic mass or properties within each column.
What does the atomic number tell you about the atom of the element?
What does the atomic number tell you about the atom of the element?
This atomic number tells you the number of protons and electrons in an atom.
What does the atomic mass tell you about the atom of that element?
What does the atomic mass tell you about the atom of that element?
The atomic mass tells us the weight of protons and neutrons.
How do you know how many electrons there are surrounding the nucleus of a particular atom?
How do you know how many electrons there are surrounding the nucleus of a particular atom?
What does the period number represent?
What does the period number represent?
The group number represents the number of _________ in the outermost shell.
The group number represents the number of _________ in the outermost shell.
How many electrons can each energy level hold for each shell, #1-#4?
How many electrons can each energy level hold for each shell, #1-#4?
What is the last element in period #4?
What is the last element in period #4?
Elements in each group number all have what in common?
Elements in each group number all have what in common?
Define element.
Define element.
Give the symbols for 2 halogens.
Give the symbols for 2 halogens.
What is the maximum number of shells an atom can have?
What is the maximum number of shells an atom can have?
Which atomic particles are found in the nucleus and what are their charges?
Which atomic particles are found in the nucleus and what are their charges?
Which particle has a negative charge?
Which particle has a negative charge?
How would you label MOST reactive to LEAST reactive on the periodic table?
How would you label MOST reactive to LEAST reactive on the periodic table?
What is an ion?
What is an ion?
What is an isotope?
What is an isotope?
What do we call a column on the periodic table?
What do we call a column on the periodic table?
Who suggested that electrons travel around the nucleus in definite paths?
Who suggested that electrons travel around the nucleus in definite paths?
Who performed an experiment proving the existence of an atomic nucleus?
Who performed an experiment proving the existence of an atomic nucleus?
Who discovered there are small particles inside the atom?
Who discovered there are small particles inside the atom?
Who performed an experiment proving that electrons exist?
Who performed an experiment proving that electrons exist?
An isotope of Chlorine would have how many neutrons?
An isotope of Chlorine would have how many neutrons?
What do we call a row of elements on the periodic table?
What do we call a row of elements on the periodic table?
What does the zigzag line on the periodic table tell you?
What does the zigzag line on the periodic table tell you?
What 2 atomic particles do I add together to find an element's atomic mass?
What 2 atomic particles do I add together to find an element's atomic mass?
Study Notes
Atomic Structure and Periodic Table
- Mendeleev arranged elements in the first periodic table by atomic mass and similar properties.
- Atomic number indicates the number of protons and electrons in an atom.
- Atomic mass reflects the combined weight of protons and neutrons in an atom.
- To determine the number of electrons, subtract protons from atomic mass.
- The period number signifies the number of electron shells an atom contains.
- Group number indicates the number of valence electrons in the outermost shell.
Electron Configuration
- Maximum number of electrons for energy levels are as follows: 1st shell can hold 2, 2nd shell 8, 3rd shell 8, and 4th shell 18.
- The last element in period #4 is Krypton.
- Elements within the same group share the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
Elements and Chemical Definitions
- An element is a fundamental substance that cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances.
- Halogens include Fluorine (F) and Chlorine (Cl).
Atomic Structure Limits and Particles
- An atom can have a maximum of seven electron shells.
- The nucleus contains protons (positive charge) and neutrons (neutral charge).
- Electrons carry a negative charge.
Reactivity and Periodic Trends
- Reactivity of elements decreases from left to right on the periodic table.
- An ion is formed when an element has an unequal number of electrons.
- An isotope has an unequal number of neutrons compared to the standard element.
Periodic Table Organization
- A column on the periodic table is called a group or family.
- A row of elements is referred to as a period.
- The zigzag line on the periodic table differentiates between metals, non-metals, and metalloids.
Historical Contributions
- Niels Bohr proposed that electrons travel in set paths around the nucleus.
- Ernest Rutherford conducted experiments that confirmed the presence of an atomic nucleus.
- J.J. Thomson discovered small particles within the atom and provided evidence for the existence of electrons.
Isotopes and Neutrons
- An isotope of Chlorine may contain 17 or 19 neutrons.
Calculating Atomic Mass
- The atomic mass of an element is found by adding the number of protons and neutrons together.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of atoms and atomic theory with these flashcards. From Mendeleev's periodic table to understanding atomic number and mass, these cards will help reinforce key concepts in chemistry. Perfect for students looking to grasp the fundamentals of atomic structure.
