Atoms and Their Structure Quiz

Separating Insoluble Solids from Liquids

• Filtration is the method used to separate insoluble solids from liquids.

Rusting and Corrosion

• Rusting is a type of corrosion reaction.

Naturally Occurring Metal-Containing Rocks

• A naturally occurring rock containing a metal is called an ore.

Reactants in Chemical Reactions

• The substances present before a chemical reaction are called reactants.

Separation Methods and Descriptions

• Filtration is used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid.
• Evaporation is used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid.
• Distillation is used to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points.
• Chromatography is used to separate the components of a mixture based on their different affinities for a stationary phase.

Signs of a Chemical Reaction

• A change in color, evolution of gas, formation of a precipitate, or change in temperature are all signs of a chemical reaction.

Electrolysis and Metal Extraction

• Electrolysis is a process used for extracting metals like gold.

Word Equation Format

• The general format for writing word equations is: Reactant 1 + Reactant 2 → Product 1 + Product 2.

Periodic Table Element Positioning

• The atomic number of an element determines its position in the periodic table.

Alkali Metal Reactivity

• The reactivity of alkali metals increases as you move down Group 1.

Non-Metal Ion Formation

• Non-metals gain electrons to form anions, not lose electrons to form cations.

Isotope Definition

• Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Calcium and Water Reaction

• Calcium + Water → Calcium Hydroxide + Hydrogen

Metal Oxide Formation

• Metals generally form basic oxides.

Element Groups and Characteristics

• Alkali metals are highly reactive metals that react vigorously with water.
• Halogens are highly reactive non-metals that exist as diatomic molecules.
• Noble gases are unreactive gases that exist as single atoms.
• Transition metals are good conductors of heat and electricity and are often used in alloys.

Sodium and Chlorine Reaction Product

• When sodium reacts with chlorine, the product formed is sodium chloride (NaCl).

Alkali Metal Identification

• Lithium (Li) is an alkali metal.

Reaction Types and Formation

• Combination reaction: Two or more reactants combine to form a single product.
• Decomposition reaction: A single reactant breaks down into two or more products.
• Single displacement reaction: One element replaces another in a compound.
• Double displacement reaction: Two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds.

Binary Compound Identification

• Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a binary compound.

Chlorine's Role in Water Treatment

• Chlorine is used in water treatment to kill bacteria and disinfect water.

Mendeleev's Periodic Table Gaps

• Mendeleev's periodic table did leave gaps for undiscovered elements.

Nucleon Number Calculation

• The formula for calculating the nucleon number is: Nucleon number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons.

Compound Breakdown Process

• In the process of decomposition, compounds break down into simpler substances.