Atoms and Elements Quiz

Atoms and Elements

• Atoms are the smallest particles of matter. They cannot be created, destroyed, or broken down further.
• Elements are pure substances made of only one type of atom.
• There are around 90 naturally occurring elements and approximately 20 artificially created ones.
• Elements are arranged in the periodic table based on the size of their atoms.

Success Criteria

• Define the terms element, monatomic, diatomic, and periodic table.
• Describe the key features of the periodic table, including periods and groups.
• List the first 20 elements of the periodic table and their symbols.
• Relate the atomic number and mass number of an element to the number of subatomic particles.

Parts of an Atom

• Proton: A subatomic particle with a positive electrical charge.
• Neutron: A subatomic particle with no electrical charge.
• Electron: A subatomic particle with a negative electrical charge.
• The nucleus contains protons and neutrons.
• Electrons orbit the nucleus.

Molecules

• A molecule is a group of two or more atoms bonded together.

Monoatomic vs. Diatomic

• Monoatomic: Consisting of a single atom.
• Diatomic: A molecule made from two atoms.

Periodic Table

• The periodic table arranges elements by atomic size.
• Elements are represented by their symbols.
• Groups and periods are used to categorize elements.
• Non-metals are mostly gases at room temperature and poor conductors of heat and electricity. Metals are generally solids at room temperature and good conductors.

Properties of Metals and Non-metals

• Metals: Usually solids at room temperature, good conductors of heat and electricity, ductile (can be drawn into wires), malleable (can be hammered into sheets), and generally shiny.
• Non-metals: Mostly gases or brittle solids at room temperature, poor conductors of heat and electricity, and generally dull.

First 20 Elements

• Students should memorize the first 20 elements and their symbols. (A YouTube video link for further help was provided)