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Questions and Answers
Which of the following scientists provided evidence for the existence of electrons?
Which of the following scientists provided evidence for the existence of electrons?
Which model proposed that atoms are spheres of positive charge with electrons embedded within?
Which model proposed that atoms are spheres of positive charge with electrons embedded within?
What experimental evidence led Rutherford to propose his Nuclear Model?
What experimental evidence led Rutherford to propose his Nuclear Model?
What did Bohr's model address that was a flaw in Rutherford's Nuclear Model?
What did Bohr's model address that was a flaw in Rutherford's Nuclear Model?
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Which of these scientists focused on the composition of the nucleus?
Which of these scientists focused on the composition of the nucleus?
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Study Notes
Atomic Theory
- Democritus (500 BC) proposed the idea that everything is made up of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms, separated by empty space.
- John Dalton (1800s) improved on Democritus's ideas, describing atoms as solid spheres and suggesting that different types of atoms compose different elements.
Plum Pudding Model
- J.J. Thomson (1897) conducted experiments showing atoms are not solid spheres, proving the existence of negatively charged particles, now known as electrons.
- He proposed the Plum Pudding Model, suggesting atoms are spheres of positive charge with electrons embedded within.
Rutherford's Nuclear Model
- Ernest Rutherford (1909) and his students fired positively charged alpha particles at a thin gold sheet to study atomic structure.
- Most alpha particles passed through the gold, but some were deflected, contradicting Thomson's Plum Pudding Model.
- Rutherford proposed the Nuclear Model, suggesting a compact nucleus containing all positive charge and a cloud of negative electrons orbiting it.
Bohr Model
- Niels Bohr (1913) addressed a flaw in Rutherford's model, suggesting electrons orbit the nucleus in specific shells, preventing the atom from collapsing.
Further Discoveries
- Rutherford later discovered the positive charge in the nucleus is made up of small, discrete particles called protons.
- James Chadwick (1932) provided evidence for neutral particles in the nucleus, now known as neutrons.
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Description
Explore the evolution of atomic theory through key figures like Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, and Rutherford. This quiz covers the foundational concepts that led to our understanding of atomic structure and the development of different atomic models. Test your knowledge of these scientific advancements.
