Atomic Structure: Early Chemical Studies
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Questions and Answers

The atomic weight of all elements is a multiple of the atomic weight of hydrogen.

False

Willem Prout was an Irish chemist.

False

Joseph J Thomson discovered electrons.

False

The cathode ray tube produces rays made of atoms.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The plum pudding model of the atom was devised by Willem Prout.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Electrons have a positive charge.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term 'relative atomic mass' is used to compare the elements.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Atoms are negatively charged.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

George Stoney was an English physicist.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The electrons produced by different materials for the cathode are different.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Early Studies on Atoms

  • Scientists used 'atomic weight' to compare elements, now known as 'relative atomic mass' (RAM)
  • Willem Prout studied atomic weights, thinking they could explain atom structure
  • Prout's idea: all elements made up of different numbers of hydrogen atoms, later proven wrong

Development of Electricity and Atom Structure

  • 19th century: significant developments in electricity and equipment for investigations
  • Cathode ray tube: produces rays when connected to an electrical circuit
  • Rays made of tiny particles, over a thousand times smaller than a hydrogen atom

Discovery of Electrons

  • Thomson investigated cathode rays, discovering tiny particles (corpuscles)
  • George Stoney named these particles 'electrons'
  • Electrons produced from different materials were identical

Thomson's Plum Pudding Model (1904)

  • Electrons present in the atom, negatively charged
  • Atoms neutral, so positively charged substance balances electrons
  • Atom structure: electrons surrounded by positively charged 'pudding'

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Description

Discover the early chemical studies on atoms, including the work of Willem Prout and the concept of atomic weights. Learn about the structure of atoms and the development of the relative atomic mass.

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