Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes Rutherford's contribution to the understanding of atomic structure?
Which of the following best describes Rutherford's contribution to the understanding of atomic structure?
- He proposed the 'plum pudding' model of the atom.
- He concluded that atoms have a positive nucleus and mass. (correct)
- He discovered the neutron.
- He determined that electrons can travel between orbits.
Based on Bohr's model, what happens when an electron transitions from a lower energy orbit to a higher energy orbit?
Based on Bohr's model, what happens when an electron transitions from a lower energy orbit to a higher energy orbit?
- The electron loses energy.
- The electron is ejected from the atom.
- The electron remains in the same orbit.
- The electron gains energy. (correct)
What experimental evidence led Thomson to discover negatively charged substances?
What experimental evidence led Thomson to discover negatively charged substances?
- Experiments involving the bombardment of beryllium with alpha particles.
- Experiments with gold foil.
- Experiments with line spectra.
- Experiments with a Cathode Ray Tube. (correct)
What is the significance of arranging elements in the periodic table in order of increasing atomic number?
What is the significance of arranging elements in the periodic table in order of increasing atomic number?
In the context of the periodic table, what are vertical columns typically referred to as?
In the context of the periodic table, what are vertical columns typically referred to as?
What is the relationship between 'amu' and the mass of Carbon-12 ($^{12}C$)?
What is the relationship between 'amu' and the mass of Carbon-12 ($^{12}C$)?
Element X has two isotopes: X-20 (80% abundance) and X-22 (20% abundance). What is the weighted average atomic mass of element X?
Element X has two isotopes: X-20 (80% abundance) and X-22 (20% abundance). What is the weighted average atomic mass of element X?
If an electron loses energy, according to Bohr's model, what transition occurs?
If an electron loses energy, according to Bohr's model, what transition occurs?
Which subatomic particle was discovered by Chadwick?
Which subatomic particle was discovered by Chadwick?
If element A has a mass of 10 amu and constitutes 50% of a sample, and element B has a mass of 20 amu and constitutes the other 50% of the sample, what is the weighted average mass number of the sample?
If element A has a mass of 10 amu and constitutes 50% of a sample, and element B has a mass of 20 amu and constitutes the other 50% of the sample, what is the weighted average mass number of the sample?
Flashcards
Who is Thompson?
Who is Thompson?
Experimented with a Cathode Ray Tube and discovered negatively charged substance.
Who is Rutherford?
Who is Rutherford?
Experimented with gold foil and concluded that atoms have a positive nucleus and mass nearly equals the charge of a proton.
Who is Chadwick?
Who is Chadwick?
Discovered the neutron.
Who is Bohr?
Who is Bohr?
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Electron going up
Electron going up
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Electron going down
Electron going down
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Relative atomic mass
Relative atomic mass
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Weighted average
Weighted average
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Periodic Table Organization
Periodic Table Organization
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Columns vs. Rows
Columns vs. Rows
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Study Notes
- Thompson experimented with a Cathode Ray Tube, discovering a negatively charged substance, the "plum pudding".
- Rutherford: experimented with α and gold foil, and concluded atoms have a positive nucleus and mass & charge of a proton.
- Chadwick discovered the neutron
- Bohr experimented with line spectra, and concluded that electrons can travel between orbits
- Electron going up gains energy
- Electron going down loses energy
Relative and WTD Average
- Relative atomic mass: 1 amu = 1.65505402 × 10^-20 g
- 1 amu = 1/12 the mass of ^12C
- Weighted average: mass number = weighted average
- Weighted average = %A x mA + %B x mB...
- Example: 40% × (0.61) + 60% × (0.73) = 0.682 g
Periodic Table
- Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number
- Elements in the same group are placed there because they share similar physical and chemical properties
- Vertical columns = groups/families
- Horizontal rows = periods
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