Atomic Structure and Radioactivity Quiz

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Atomic Structure and Radioactivity

Atoms consist of electrons, protons, and neutrons
Protons and neutrons reside in the nucleus at the atom's center
Electrons orbit the nucleus in specific shells
Electron shells have different energy levels
The shell number (n) increases with energy
Atomic radius is approximately 10-10 m
Electrons have a negative charge (-1.6 × 10-19 C) and a mass of approximately 9.1 × 10-31 kg
Protons have a positive charge (+1.6 × 10-19 C) and a mass of nearly 1.67 × 10-27 kg
Neutrons are neutral and have a mass nearly equal to that of a proton (1.67 × 10-27 kg)
Maximum number of electrons in a shell is 2n² (where n is the shell number)

Isotopes

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same atomic number (Z) but different mass numbers (A)
Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
Isotopes have identical chemical properties
Some isotopes are stable, while others are radioactive

Radioactivity

Radioactivity is the spontaneous disintegration of unstable atomic nuclei (emitting α, β, and γ radiation)
Alpha particles (α) are positively charged helium nuclei (2 protons and 2 neutrons)
Beta particles (β) are high-speed electrons or positrons
Gamma rays (γ) are high-energy electromagnetic radiation
Radioisotopes have the same chemical properties as stable isotopes, but are radioactive

Test your knowledge on atomic structure and the concept of radioactivity. This quiz covers key concepts such as electron configurations, isotopes, and the properties of subatomic particles. Perfect for students studying chemistry or physics.