Atomic Structure and Elements

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Questions and Answers

What is the smallest particle of an element that still retains the characteristics of that element?

  • An atom (correct)
  • A proton
  • An electron
  • A molecule

What is the charge of an electron?

  • Zero
  • Variable
  • Negative (correct)
  • Positive

What is the number of protons and electrons in a helium atom?

  • One proton and one electron
  • Four protons and four electrons
  • Two protons and two electrons (correct)
  • Three protons and three electrons

What is the main difference between a proton and a neutron?

<p>Protons are positively charged, neutrons are uncharged (B)</p>
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What is the mass of a proton relative to an electron?

<p>1836 times greater (D)</p>
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What is the structure of an atom according to the Bohr theory?

<p>A central nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons (D)</p>
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What happens to the resistivity of silicon and germanium as the temperature increases?

<p>It decreases (B)</p>
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Why should silicon not operate at a working temperature above 150°C to 200°C?

<p>It may lose its semiconducting properties (B)</p>
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What happens to the resistivity of a semiconductor as the temperature decreases?

<p>It increases (B)</p>
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What is the number of valence electrons in silicon and germanium?

<p>4 (A)</p>
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What is the effect of incidence of light on the conductivity of semiconductors?

<p>It increases (D)</p>
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What is the classification of semiconductors with impurities?

<p>Extrinsic (C)</p>
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What proportion of the holes passing into the base from the emitter can pass through the base-collector junction?

<p>0.995 (D)</p>
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What is the direction of the leakage current in an n-p-n transistor?

<p>From the collector to the base (D)</p>
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What is the relation between the emitter current and the sum of the collector and base current?

<p>IE = IC + IB (A)</p>
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What is the typical value of IC in terms of IE?

<p>0.99 IE (C)</p>
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What is the purpose of the base-collector junction in a p-n-p transistor?

<p>To forward bias the minority carriers (D)</p>
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What is the name of the current that flows from the collector to the base due to thermally generated minority carriers?

<p>ICBO (C)</p>
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What is the ratio of IE, IC, and IB currents in a transistor configuration?

<p>1: α : (1 - α) (D)</p>
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In a common-emitter configuration, what is the typical output resistance?

<p>Kilo ohms (B)</p>
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What happens to the collector current in a common-emitter configuration?

<p>It reduces to zero without reversing the collector voltage (C)</p>
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What is the shape of the characteristic obtained when VEB is varied?

<p>Similar to the input characteristic for a common-base configuration (B)</p>
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What is the difference between the output characteristics of n-p-n and p-n-p transistors?

<p>They have reversed polarities (B)</p>
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What is the direction of the slope of the output characteristics in a common-emitter configuration?

<p>Sloping upwards (D)</p>
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What type of transistor is being discussed alongside BJT?

<p>JFET (A)</p>
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What is the purpose of feedback in electronic circuits?

<p>To modify the signal (D)</p>
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What is the difference between open and closed loop control systems?

<p>Type of feedback (A)</p>
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What is the role of the signal combination in a feedback system?

<p>To modify the signal (D)</p>
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What is the effect of negative feedback on an amplifier?

<p>It decreases the gain (D)</p>
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What is the name of the theorem discussed in the chapter?

<p>Feedback Theorem (C)</p>
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