Atomic Structure and Electric Charge Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the charge of an electron?

0 C

-e (correct)

Which of the following correctly describes the behavior of like and unlike charges?

Like charges attract, unlike charges repel.

Both like and unlike charges attract each other.

Both like and unlike charges repel each other.

Like charges repel, unlike charges attract. (correct)

What happens to the net electric charge during any process in an isolated system?

It can increase.

It can decrease.

It remains constant. (correct)

It always becomes zero.

Which materials are classified as conductors?

Copper, aluminum, and silver Signup and view all the answers

How do objects become charged?

By gaining or losing electrons Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason protons do not move from one material to another?

They are firmly held in the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

In an electrically insulated material, what can be said about the movement of electric charges?

Charges cannot move at all. Signup and view all the answers

When a conductor is charged in a small region, how does the charge behave?

It redistributes over the entire surface. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the charge of an insulator when it is rubbed?

Only the rubbed area becomes charged. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about semiconductors is true?

They have properties between conductors and insulators. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship described by Coulomb's Law?

Force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Signup and view all the answers

In the example provided, what is the resulting net force on charge q1?

5.7 N to the right. Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the constant k in Coulomb’s Law?

$8.99 \times 10^{9} N \cdot m^2/C^2$ Signup and view all the answers

If the distance between two point charges is halved, how does the force between them change according to Coulomb's Law?

The force quadruples. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a semiconductor?

Silicon Signup and view all the answers

When determining the net force on multiple point charges, what must be considered?

Both B and C. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Atomic Structure and Charge

Electrical properties of matter stem from atomic structure.
Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the subatomic particles that make up atoms.
Protons have a positive charge (+e), electrons have a negative charge (-e), and neutrons have no charge.
The charge of a proton and an electron are equal in magnitude.
Protons reside in the nucleus of the atom, while electrons orbit the nucleus.

Conservation of Charge

Charge can neither be created nor destroyed, only transferred.
The net charge of an isolated system remains constant.
This means that the total amount of positive charge in the universe remains constant.

Electric Forces

Like charges repel, and unlike charges attract.
The force between two charged objects is called the electrostatic force.
The electrostatic force can be attractive or repulsive, depending on the charges of the objects.

Conductors and Insulators

Conductors readily allow the movement of electric charge.
Examples include copper, aluminum, and silver.
Conductors allow charge to distribute itself evenly.
Insulators resist the movement of electric charge.
Examples include glass and rubber.
Insulators typically retain charge localized in the area where it is applied.
Semiconductors have properties that fall in between conductors and insulators. Examples include silicon and germanium.

Coulomb's Law

Coulomb's Law determines the electrostatic force between point charges.
The magnitude of the force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Formula: F = k * (q1 * q2) / r^2 ; where F is the force, k is Coulomb's constant (8.99 x 10^9 N.m^2/C^2), q1 and q2 are the charges, and r is the distance between them.

Forces on Charged Particles

Free body diagrams are useful to visualize the forces acting on a charged particle.
Net force on a charged particle can be calculated by summing up all the forces acting on it.

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Description

Test your understanding of atomic particles, charge conservation, and electric forces. This quiz covers the essential principles of how charge affects matter and the classification of materials as conductors or insulators. Perfect for students studying physics or chemistry!