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Questions and Answers
What is the mass number of an atom?
What is the mass number of an atom?
Which term refers to elements with the same atomic number but different mass numbers?
Which term refers to elements with the same atomic number but different mass numbers?
Why do isotopes have similar chemical properties?
Why do isotopes have similar chemical properties?
What distinguishes isobars from isotopes?
What distinguishes isobars from isotopes?
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How do isotopes and isobars differ based on their atomic structure?
How do isotopes and isobars differ based on their atomic structure?
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What is the atomic number defined as?
What is the atomic number defined as?
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How did Moseley's hypothesis contribute to the understanding of the modern periodic table?
How did Moseley's hypothesis contribute to the understanding of the modern periodic table?
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Why is the atomic number equal to the number of protons in an atom?
Why is the atomic number equal to the number of protons in an atom?
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Which element has an atomic number of one?
Which element has an atomic number of one?
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In a neutral atom, what is the relationship between the number of protons and electrons?
In a neutral atom, what is the relationship between the number of protons and electrons?
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Study Notes
Atomic Number and Mass Number
- Atomic number (Z) is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which is equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
- Atomic number is represented by Z and determines the chemical properties of an element.
- Hydrogen has an atomic number of 1, as it has only one proton in its atom.
- Mass number (A) is the total number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom.
- Mass number is represented by A and is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom.
Isotopes
- Isotopes are elements with the same atomic number but a different mass number.
- Isotopes occur due to the presence of a different number of neutrons in elements with the same atomic number.
- Many but not all elements have isotopes.
- Examples of isotopes of hydrogen are protium (1 proton, 0 neutrons), deuterium (1 proton, 1 neutron), and tritium (1 proton, 2 neutrons).
- Chemical properties of isotopes are the same due to the same number of protons and electrons.
Isobars
- Isobars are atoms with the same mass number but a different atomic number.
- Examples of isobars include Argon (atomic number 18, mass number 40), Potassium (atomic number 19, mass number 40), and Calcium (atomic number 20, mass number 40).
- Carbon-14 (mass number 14) is an isobar of Nitrogen (atomic number 7, mass number 14).
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Description
Explore the concepts of atomic number, isotopes, and isobars. Learn about Moseley's hypothesis and its impact on the modern periodic table. Discover how the study of X-ray wavelengths contributed to our understanding of atomic structure.
