Atomic Nuclei Composition and Nuclear Concepts Quiz

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What are the mass numbers of atomic species X and Y?

X: 12, Y: 14

What is the relation between atomic species X and Y?

Isotopes

True or False: J.J. Thomson proposed that the nucleus of an atom contains only nucleons.

False

True or False: A neutron is formed by an electron and a proton combining together. Therefore, it is neutral.

False Signup and view all the answers

What did Rutherford's alpha-particle scattering experiment lead to the discovery of?

Atomic Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Do isotopes of an element have the same physical properties?

No Signup and view all the answers

What are the limitations of J.J. Thomson’s model of the atom?

Thomson's model couldn't explain the stability of an atom or the arrangement of electrons within it. Signup and view all the answers

What are the limitations of Rutherford’s model of the atom?

Rutherford's model failed to explain why electrons, with a negative charge, do not spiral into the positively charged nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

Describe Bohr’s model of the atom.

Bohr's model introduced the concept of quantized electron orbits around the nucleus, where electrons can only occupy certain fixed energy levels. Signup and view all the answers

What are the rules for writing the distribution of electrons in various shells for the first eighteen elements?

The first shell can hold up to 2 electrons, the second up to 8, and the third up to 8 as well. Signup and view all the answers

Explain with examples the concepts of (i) Atomic number, (ii) Mass number, (iii) Isotopes, and (iv) Isobars.

(i) The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. (ii) The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom. (iii) Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different mass numbers. (iv) Isobars are atoms with the same mass number but different atomic numbers. Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the average atomic mass of a bromine atom given the isotopes 79 35 Br (49.7%) and 81 35 Br (50.3%).

The average atomic mass of bromine = (0.497 * 79 + 0.503 * 81) u. Signup and view all the answers

How do you find the valency of chlorine, sulphur, and magnesium?

Chlorine: 1, Sulphur: 2, Magnesium: 2 Signup and view all the answers

If the number of electrons in an atom is 8 and the number of protons is also 8, what is the atomic number of the atom?

8 Signup and view all the answers

Define atomic number and explain its significance.

Atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It determines the identity of the element and is unique for each element. Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass number of an atom and what does it depend on?

The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. It depends on the composition of the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

Explain why atoms of the same element have the same atomic number.

Atoms of the same element have the same number of protons, which determines the atomic number. Signup and view all the answers

How does the mass of an atom relate to the protons and neutrons in its nucleus?

The mass of an atom is primarily due to the protons and neutrons in its nucleus. Electrons contribute very little to the mass. Signup and view all the answers