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Atomic Models and Theories in Science

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements best represents Democritus' view on atoms?

There is empty space between atoms.

Atoms of different materials have the same size and shape.

Atoms are divisible and have internal structures.

Atoms of different materials differ in size/shape. (correct)

According to John Dalton's atomic model, what happens to atoms during chemical reactions?

Atoms are neither created nor destroyed, but rearranged. (correct)

Atoms are combined together in complicated, non-simple ratios.

Atoms are destroyed and converted into other elements.

Atoms are created from nothing to form compounds.

Which of the following is a major failing of Dalton's atomic model?

It incorrectly proposed that atoms are the smallest particles of matter.

It proposed that different elements combine in simple ratios.

His model could not explain how electrons are held within the atom. (correct)

His model did not describe atoms as being composed of different elements.

Thomson's atomic model introduced which key concept about the nature of atoms?

The presence of negatively charged electrons within a positively charged material. Signup and view all the answers

One key shortcoming of Thomson's atomic model was that it...

failed to explain how electrons are held within the atom & the stability of the atom. Signup and view all the answers

What key characteristic did Rutherford's model establish about the atom's structure?

The atom consists mostly of empty space with a dense, positively charged nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of the Rutherford atomic model?

It incorrectly assumes that electrons are stationary. Signup and view all the answers

According to Bohr's model, what happens when an electron transitions from a higher energy orbit to a lower energy orbit?

Energy is emitted in the form of a photon. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the nature of electron orbits in the Bohr model?

Electrons are only able to orbit the nucleus in specific, circular paths with distinct energy values. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between Rutherford's model and Bohr's model regarding energy emission by electrons?

Rutherford proposed electrons emit energy continuously, while Bohr proposed they only emit energy when making quantum jumps. Signup and view all the answers