4 Questions
Which subatomic particles make up atoms?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What is the structure of an atom?
A nucleus surrounded by protons and neutrons
What is valency?
The combining capacity of an element
What are molecules?
Atoms that have combined chemically
Study Notes
Atomic Structure
- Atoms are composed of three main subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus (central region) of the atom, while electrons orbit around it.
- Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, and electrons have a negative charge.
Valency
- Valency is the combining power of an atom, which is the number of electrons an atom gains, loses, or shares to form a chemical bond.
- It is determined by the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.
Molecules
- Molecules are formed when two or more atoms share one or more pairs of electrons to form a chemical bond.
- Molecules are the smallest units of a substance that retain the properties of that substance.
- Atoms in a molecule can be of the same element (e.g., oxygen molecule, O2) or different elements (e.g., water molecule, H2O).
Test your knowledge on atoms and molecules with this informative quiz! Learn about the basic structure of atoms, their components, and the concept of valency. Challenge yourself and see how much you know about the fundamental building blocks of matter.
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