Podcast
Questions and Answers
What happens to air temperature as you increase in altitude within the troposphere?
What happens to air temperature as you increase in altitude within the troposphere?
- It increases
- It fluctuates randomly
- It remains constant
- It decreases (correct)
Why does warm air rise and cold air sink?
Why does warm air rise and cold air sink?
- Because warm air is denser than cold air
- Because warm air is less dense than cold air (correct)
- Because cold air is heavier than warm air
- Because warm air is heavier than cold air
What happens to air at an altitude of around 60 km?
What happens to air at an altitude of around 60 km?
- It stays at the same altitude
- It is pushed towards the poles (correct)
- It disappears into space
- It is pushed towards the equator
What type of weather is associated with low pressure areas?
What type of weather is associated with low pressure areas?
What direction does air flow between areas of different pressure?
What direction does air flow between areas of different pressure?
What happens to air as it rises and cools?
What happens to air as it rises and cools?
What type of weather is associated with high pressure areas?
What type of weather is associated with high pressure areas?
What is the result of warm air rising and cool air sinking?
What is the result of warm air rising and cool air sinking?
What is the primary factor responsible for the formation of low and high-pressure cells on Earth?
What is the primary factor responsible for the formation of low and high-pressure cells on Earth?
What is the name of the pressure cell located closest to the Equator?
What is the name of the pressure cell located closest to the Equator?
What is the primary driver of atmospheric circulation on Earth?
What is the primary driver of atmospheric circulation on Earth?
What is the name of the pressure cell located at the highest latitude?
What is the name of the pressure cell located at the highest latitude?
What is the result of the rising and sinking air on Earth's surface?
What is the result of the rising and sinking air on Earth's surface?
What is the main reason for the existence of seasons on Earth?
What is the main reason for the existence of seasons on Earth?
What is the location of the Ferrel cell on Earth?
What is the location of the Ferrel cell on Earth?
What would happen to temperatures if the Earth's axis were straight up and down?
What would happen to temperatures if the Earth's axis were straight up and down?
What is the significance of the Tropic of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer?
What is the significance of the Tropic of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer?
Why does the equator receive more direct and intense heat than the poles?
Why does the equator receive more direct and intense heat than the poles?
What is the relationship between air pressure and weight above it?
What is the relationship between air pressure and weight above it?
What happens to the hemisphere that is tilted towards the sun?
What happens to the hemisphere that is tilted towards the sun?
What is the significance of the equinoxes?
What is the significance of the equinoxes?
What is responsible for the difference in surface area that sun rays need to pass through at the poles versus the equator?
What is responsible for the difference in surface area that sun rays need to pass through at the poles versus the equator?
Study Notes
Temperature and Pressure
- Air temperature decreases with increasing altitude within the troposphere.
- Air pressure decreases with increasing altitude.
- Warm air rises, cold air sinks due to density differences.
- Warm air can only rise to ± 60 km before being pushed towards the poles by more air entering the low-pressure zone.
Global Climate Patterns
- Air flows from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas.
- Rising warm air creates low-pressure areas with rainy, windy weather.
- Sinking cooler air creates high-pressure areas with dry, clear weather.
Solar Radiation and Seasons
- The surface area the sun's rays need to pass through is greater at the poles than at the equator.
- Two solstices occur: Tropic of Capricorn (Dec 21/22) and Tropic of Cancer (Jun 21/22).
- Two equinoxes occur: Equator at noon (Mar 21/22 and Sep 22/23).
- The tilt of the Earth's axis causes different hemispheres to receive more direct and intense heat, resulting in seasons.
Wind Patterns and Pressure Zones
- Wind flows from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas.
- Rising and sinking air creates low-pressure and high-pressure cells/belts northwards and southwards of the equator.
- Three major pressure cells: Hadley, Ferrel, and Polar, located at 0°, 30°, and 60° latitude respectively.
- These cells are replicated on either side of the equator in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
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Description
Learn about the relationship between air temperature, air pressure, and altitude in the troposphere. Understand how the Earth's surface affects the air around it.
