Chemistry - Atmosphere
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Questions and Answers

Which gas is present in both the early atmosphere and today's atmosphere?

  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen (correct)
  • Sulfur
  • Carbon dioxide (correct)

    • Today's atmosphere contains more sulfur than the early atmosphere.

    False (B)

    Name one gas that was present in the early atmosphere but is not present in today's atmosphere.

    Sulfur

    In the early atmosphere, there was a significant amount of ________ vapor.

    <p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following gases to whether they were present in the early atmosphere or today's atmosphere:

    <p>Oxygen = Today's atmosphere Methane = Both Water vapor = Both Carbon dioxide = Both</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant component released by volcanoes that contributed to the formation of the early atmosphere?

    <p>Water vapor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Liquid water is not essential for life.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process increased the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere from 3,000 million years ago?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The formation of _____ was a key event that occurred when water vapor cooled and condensed.

    <p>oceans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following time periods with their corresponding events in atmospheric development:

    <p>3,500 million years ago = Volcanic gases released into the atmosphere 3,500 to 3,000 million years ago = Formation of oceans 3,000 to 500 million years ago = Increase in oxygen from photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following gases was NOT a primary component released by volcanoes in the early Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>Oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The early atmosphere of Earth is most similar to the present-day atmosphere of Jupiter.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What crucial process that evolved significantly increased the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere?

    <p>photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of water vapor cooling and condensing led to the formation of the ______.

    <p>oceans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following time periods with the corresponding atmospheric events:

    <p>Around 3,500 million years ago = Volcanoes released gases forming the early atmosphere. 3,500 to 3,000 million years ago = Water vapor condensed to form oceans. 3,000 to 500 million years ago = Photosynthesis increased oxygen levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The early Earth's atmosphere was primarily composed of oxygen.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following gases is NOT a primary component of the early Earth's atmosphere as described in the content?

    <p>Oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ layer protects life on Earth from harmful UV rays from the sun.

    <p>ozone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of gases in the early Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>Volcanoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following gases with their approximate percentages in today's atmosphere (as shown in the diagram):

    <p>Oxygen = 21% Nitrogen = 78% Other Gases = 1% Carbon Dioxide = 0.04% Water Vapor = Variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The early Earth's atmosphere contained significant amounts of oxygen.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered to be the primary source of gases in the early Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>Volcanoes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What layer filters harmful UV rays from the sun?

    <p>ozone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The early atmosphere of Earth had very little or no ______.

    <p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following statements about Earth's early atmosphere with their corresponding truthfulness:

    <p>There was little or no oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere when it was young = True Gases in the early atmosphere only came from oceans. = False Scientists are certain that the early atmosphere was mainly carbon dioxide = False The early atmosphere contained only carbon dioxide, water and perhaps oxygen = False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are considered greenhouse gases?

    <p>Methane, Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The greenhouse effect is an entirely human-made phenomenon that is detrimental to life on Earth.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of electromagnetic radiation does the Earth primarily re-emit after absorbing solar radiation?

    <p>infrared radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap some of the outgoing ________ radiation.

    <p>infrared</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Greenhouse gases = Gases in the atmosphere that trap heat. Infrared radiation = Electromagnetic radiation re-emitted by the Earth. Solar radiation = Electromagnetic radiation from the sun that is absorbed by the Earth. Greenhouse effect = The trapping of heat by gases in the atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to some of the sun's radiation after it reaches Earth?

    <p>Some is reflected back into space, and some is absorbed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall impact of increased greenhouse gases on Earth's temperature?

    <p>increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?

    <p>Nitrogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The greenhouse effect is entirely harmful to life on Earth.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of radiation is primarily trapped by greenhouse gasses?

    <p>infrared radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The natural greenhouse effect ensures that ________ on Earth can survive.

    <p>life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a product of complete combustion?

    <p>Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and water ($H_2O$) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Incomplete combustion always produces a blue flame.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical name for the carbon particles produced as a result of incomplete combustion?

    <p>soot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Combustion that occurs with limited oxygen is called ______ combustion.

    <p>incomplete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of combustion with its characteristics:

    <p>Complete Combustion = Produces $CO_2$ and $H_2O$ Incomplete Combustion = Produces carbon monoxide and soot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Complete combustion results in the production of carbon particles (soot).

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of flame is produced during incomplete combustion?

    <p>yellow/orange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most atmospheric pollutants are generated from the _________ of fuels.

    <p>combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of combustion with its description:

    <p>Complete Combustion = Occurs with a blue flame and produces only $CO_2$ and $H_2O$ Incomplete Combustion = Occurs with a yellow/orange flame and produces $CO_2$, $H_2O$, carbon particles, and $CO$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pollutants is a primary contributor to acid rain?

    <p>Sulfur dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Carbon particulates primarily cause climate change by trapping infrared radiation.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula for nitric oxides as mentioned in the document?

    <p>NOx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels is a source of ______, which decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of blood.

    <p>carbon monoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following pollutants with their primary effects:

    <p>Carbon particulates = Breathing difficulties and dirty surfaces Carbon dioxide = Traps heat in the atmosphere Carbon monoxide = Reduces blood's ability to carry oxygen Sulfur dioxide = Causes acid rain Nitric oxides = Respiratory problems and smog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pollutant is mainly caused by road traffic and power plants, as well as by natural lightning?

    <p>Nitric oxides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Burning wood is a source of carbon particles in the atmosphere.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of carbon dioxide on the environment?

    <p>Traps infrared radiation and contributes to climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes led to the significant increase of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>Photosynthesis by Marine Plants and Surface Plants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The early atmosphere of Earth initially contained a large percentage of nitrogen.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence suggests that oxygen started appearing in the atmosphere around 2.5 billion years ago?

    <p>Rocks containing iron oxide (Fe₂O₃)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the early atmosphere, the intense ______ was a primary source of carbon dioxide.

    <p>volcanic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following gases with their approximate percentages in today's atmosphere:

    <p>Nitrogen = 78% Oxygen = 21% Argon = 0.4%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Atmosphere Gases

    • Early atmosphere gases: nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur, methane
    • Today's atmosphere gases: oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water vapor, methane

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    Description

    This quiz explores the composition of early and modern atmosphere gases. Learn about the key gases that shaped our planet's atmosphere, including nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and methane. Test your knowledge on how these gases have changed over time.

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