ATI Pharmacology RN Flashcards - Side Effects
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Questions and Answers

What is a common side effect of Digoxin (Lanoxin)?

  • Dry mouth
  • Nausea
  • Dizziness
  • Blurred/double vision (correct)

    • What side effect can Guaifenesin cause?

    Drowsiness

    What is the risk associated with Estrogen (Premarin)?

    Increased risk of thromboembolism

    What are common side effects of Doxepin (Sinequan)?

    <p>Urinary retention, constipation, drying of nasal/oral secretions, increased heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided when using Albuterol?

    <p>MAOIs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication of Levothyroxine (T4)?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An allergy to cephalosporins is not a precaution for taking penicillins.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be assessed during Phenobarbital therapy?

    <p>Respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should Sumatriptan be used?

    <p>When migraine symptoms appear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of administration is the fastest/most effective?

    <p>Intravenous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic action of Narcan?

    <p>Improvement of respiratory rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic action of Baclofen?

    <p>Decreases frequency and severity of muscle spasms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What side effect can Erythromycin cause?

    <p>Liver toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided when taking Spironolactone?

    <p>Foods with high potassium, such as salt substitutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for Chloroquine phosphate?

    <p>Malaria prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of Heparin?

    <p>With alteplase for acute myocardial infarction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For what purpose is Warfarin used?

    <p>Long-term prophylaxis of thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Clopidogrel used for?

    <p>Reduce long-term risk of clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Alteplase used for?

    <p>Acute myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accidents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of Methylphenidate?

    <p>Narcolepsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored if Testosterone is used to correct delayed puberty?

    <p>Bone maturation with bi-annual x-rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caution should be taken with Diphenoxylate & Atropine?

    <p>With renal impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of Loperamide?

    <p>Anti-diarrheal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Methylcellulose used for?

    <p>Bulk-forming agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of Psyllium?

    <p>Bulk-forming agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for Acetazolamide?

    <p>Edema, epilepsy, acute mountain sickness, glaucoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be held if a patient on Metoprolol presents with dyspnea?

    <p>The dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of Norgestrel?

    <p>Contraception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should an IM injection be given?

    <p>Dorsogluteal site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended for nausea treatment?

    <p>Antiemetic plus cool damp cloth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for Allopurinol?

    <p>Gout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Medications and Side Effects

    • Digoxin (Lanoxin): Causes blurred or double vision.
    • Guaifenesin: May induce drowsiness as a side effect.
    • Estrogen (Premarin): Increases the risk of thromboembolism, presenting symptoms like shortness of breath (SOB), severe headache, vomiting, and sudden acute pain.
    • Doxepin (Sinequan): Associated with urinary retention, constipation, drying of secretions, and increased heart rate.

    Contraindications and Precautions

    • Albuterol (Proventil): Contraindicated with MAOIs due to potential hypertension crisis; beta-blockers may reduce its effectiveness.
    • Spironolactone (Aldactone): Avoid foods high in potassium, such as salt substitutes.
    • Diphenoxylate & Atropine (Lomotil): Use caution with renal impairment due to increased anticholinergic effects.
    • Norgestrel (Ovrette): Contraindicated with smoking, increasing the risk of thromboembolism and cardiovascular issues.

    Therapeutic Uses and Indications

    • Levothyroxine (T4): Prescribed for hypothyroidism due to dysfunction in hypothalamus, pituitary, or thyroid.
    • Chloroquine Phosphate (Aralen): Used for malaria prevention; started one week before travel and continued for four weeks after return.
    • Heparin: Utilized with alteplase for treating acute myocardial infarction (MI).
    • Warfarin (Coumadin): Long-term prophylaxis of thrombosis, with Vitamin K as an antidote.
    • Clopidogrel (Plavix): Reduces long-term clotting risk in patients with atherosclerosis or recent MI/CVA.
    • Alteplase (Activase): Administered for acute MI/CVA with a short half-life.
    • Methylphenidate (Concerta): Used for narcolepsy; users should avoid caffeine.
    • Testosterone (IM): Assessed for bone maturation; monitors liver function and potential complications like hypoglycemia or heart failure.

    Administration and Interventions

    • Phenobarbital: Monitor for respiratory depression and sedation; IV should not exceed 50 mg/min to avoid extravasation.
    • Sumatriptan (Imitrex): Taken upon symptoms of a migraine, with a second dose allowed after one hour if needed.
    • Intravenous Route: Considered the fastest and most effective method of medication administration.
    • IM Injection: Dorsogluteal site should be located for intramuscular injections.

    Additional Medications and Their Effects

    • Narcan: Improves respiratory rate as a therapeutic action in opioid overdose.
    • Baclofen (Lioresal): Decreases frequency and severity of muscle spasms.
    • Erythromycin (Erythrocin): Can cause liver toxicity.
    • Loperamide (Imodium): An anti-diarrheal that is poorly absorbed and has trouble crossing the blood-brain barrier.
    • Methylcellulose (Citrucel) & Psyllium (Metamucil): Both are bulk-forming agents with minimal side effects.
    • Acetazolamide (Diamox): Indicated for edema, epilepsy, altitude sickness, and glaucoma; contraindicated in sulfonamide allergies.
    • Metoprolol (Lopressor): Hold doses for dyspnea indicating CHF exacerbation; may cause bronchoconstriction and block gluconeogenesis.

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    Test your knowledge on the side effects of various medications with these flashcards. Each card presents a drug alongside crucial information about its potential side effects. Perfect for RN exam preparation and pharmacology revision.

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