Questions and Answers
A nurse is caring for a client who has streptococcal pharyngitis and an allergy to penicillin. Which of the following drugs can be safely administered to this client?
A nurse is administering cefotetan IV to a client with an intra-abdominal infection. Which action should the nurse take if the IV site is warm, edematous, and painful?
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for aztreonam. Which finding should the nurse recognize as requiring cautious use?
Which instruction should be included when teaching a client who takes an oral contraceptive and is beginning rifampin therapy?
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A nurse should identify that which of the following drugs can cause a reaction similar to disulfiram if the client drinks alcohol while taking it?
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Cautious use of acyclovir IV is essential if the client also has which condition?
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A nurse identifies that a client who was treated with imipenem IV might be experiencing which adverse effect if they report mouth pain?
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A nurse should clarify the use of gentamicin with the provider if the client is taking which drug?
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What adverse effect should a nurse monitor for when administering oral erythromycin to a client with acute diphtheria?
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Concurrent use of warfarin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole increases the client's risk for which condition?
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What medication will likely be administered to a client with methicillin-resistant MRSA?
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A nurse should instruct a client beginning isoniazid to report which adverse effects?
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Which drug should the provider prescribe to prevent resistance to rifampin in a client being treated for TB?
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What condition indicates cautious use of metronidazole?
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What should a nurse monitor when caring for a client beginning gentamicin therapy?
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A patient taking nitrofurantoin should report which adverse effect?
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A nurse suspects a client on tetracycline may be experiencing which condition due to severe blood-tinged diarrhea?
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What instruction should a nurse give to a client taking ciprofloxacin who reports dyspepsia?
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Prior to administering amphotericin B IV, which drugs should be given to minimize adverse reactions?
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A patient taking ciprofloxacin should report which adverse effect due to the risk of tendon injury?
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What instruction should be given to a client taking penicillin V who reports abdominal cramping with bloody diarrhea?
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What should a client taking amoxicillin report if they experience a rash and wheezing?
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What adverse effect should a nurse instruct a client taking itraconazole to report?
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What classification of antibiotics should be expected to be prescribed for bacterial meningitis?
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Which lab value should a nurse monitor for a client receiving acyclovir for a herpes simplex infection?
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Study Notes
Antibiotic Therapy Highlights
- Azithromycin: Safe alternative for clients allergic to penicillin, particularly for streptococcal pharyngitis.
- Cefotetan Effects: If IV site is warm, edematous, and painful, immediately stop the infusion to prevent complications.
- Aztreonam Caution: Renal impairment increases the need for cautious use of aztreonam in respiratory infections.
- Rifampin Precautions: Rifampin reduces the efficacy of oral contraceptives; advise clients to use additional non-hormonal methods.
Adverse Reactions and Monitoring
- Disulfiram-like Reaction: Cefotetan and Metronidazole can induce reactions if alcohol is consumed while taking the drugs.
- Acyclovir Consideration: Dehydration necessitates cautious use of acyclovir for viral infections, to avoid renal impairment.
- Imipenem Risk: Client may experience superinfection indicated by mouth pain after treatment for bacterial infections.
- Gentamicin Interactions: Clarify use with Ethacrynic acid to prevent toxic effects.
- Erythromycin Monitoring: Watch for cardiac dysrhythmias in clients taking oral erythromycin for diphtheria.
Drug Interactions and Effects
- Warfarin and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole: Concurrent use can elevate bleeding risk; verify prescriptions with the provider.
- MRSA Treatment: Expect Vancomycin for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections.
- Isoniazid Considerations: For clients on isoniazid, monitor for jaundice and neurological symptoms like numbness and dizziness.
- Rifampin Combination Therapy: Isoniazid is often prescribed alongside rifampin to prevent antibiotic resistance.
Cautions and Instructions
- Metronidazole in Seizure Patients: Cautious use required for clients with a history of seizures.
- Gentamicin Monitoring for Kidney Function: Regular urine output checks essential to identify potential nephrotoxicity.
- Nitrofurantoin Adverse Effects: Clients should report cough, indicating potential pulmonary issues.
- Clostridium difficile Risk: Blood-tinged diarrhea in clients on tetracycline suggests possible antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
- Ciprofloxacin Instructions: Advise taking antacids at least 2 hours after ciprofloxacin to prevent absorption issues.
Fungal and Bacterial Infections Management
- Amphotericin B Precautions: Pre-medicate with Acetaminophen and Diphenhydramine to minimize infusion-related reactions.
- Ciprofloxacin and Tendon Pain: Report any tendon pain due to the risk of tendinopathy associated with ciprofloxacin.
- Monitoring Abdominal Symptoms: Advise clients on penicillin V to bring stool samples for testing if experiencing severe abdominal symptoms.
- Allergic Reactions to Amoxicillin: Immediate action is necessary for rash and wheezing while on amoxicillin.
- Itraconazole Monitoring: Clients taking itraconazole should report swelling in extremities as a potential adverse reaction.
Antibiotics for Meningitis
- Third Generation Cephalosporins: Expected antibiotic class for treating bacterial meningitis, providing broader coverage against resistant organisms.
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Description
Test your knowledge on pharmacology related to infections with these flashcards. This quiz covers critical concepts such as drug allergies and treatment options for various infections. Enhance your understanding and prepare for real-life nursing scenarios.
