Atherosclerosis Lecture Objectives

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Questions and Answers

What is the main pathological process underlying atherosclerosis?

  • Inflammation of the arterial wall
  • Smooth muscle cell proliferation
  • Endothelial injury (correct)
  • Thrombus formation

Which of the following is considered an emerging risk factor for atherosclerosis?

  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Physical inactivity (correct)
  • Dyslipidemia
  • Hypertension

In relation to blood vessel wall function, what is the significance of progressing morphological changes?

  • Impaired function (correct)
  • Enhanced elasticity
  • Increased strength
  • Decreased perfusion

Which of the following is NOT a major modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis?

<p>Age (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the thickening and loss of elasticity seen in atherosclerosis?

<p>Endothelial dysfunction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is considered a constitutional major risk factor for atherosclerosis?

<p>Genetic Factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial step in atherosclerosis according to the provided text?

<p>Endothelial injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT involved in the interaction during lesion progression in atherosclerosis as described in the text?

<p>B lymphocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of fatty streaks in atherosclerosis as per the text?

<p>Raised yellow lesions with minimal lipid content (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following lipid accumulation within macrophages, what do they respond by releasing as described in the text?

<p>Inflammatory cytokines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to smooth muscle cell recruitment in atherosclerosis, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Factors released from activated platelets, macrophages, and vascular wall cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precursor lesion to atheroma according to the provided information?

<p>Fatty streaks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the color imparted by thrombus superimposed on ulcerated plaques?

<p>Red-brown (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the principal components of atherosclerotic plaques?

<p>Platelets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of atheromatous plaque is characterized by thickened, dense collagenous fibrous caps and minimal inflammation?

<p>Stable plaques (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes vulnerable plaques from stable plaques?

<p>Thin fibrous caps and large lipid cores with necrosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of hemorrhage into an atherosclerotic plaque?

<p>Rapid plaque expansion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from critical stenosis in atherosclerosis?

<p>Organ ischemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause aneurysmal dilatation of the arterial wall in atherosclerosis?

<p>Atherosclerosis-induced pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from thromboembolism in atherosclerosis?

<p>Tissue infarction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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