12 Questions
What is the typical degree of occlusion at which chronic occlusion limits flow in the coronary artery?
70%
Which factor contributes to the weakening of plaque integrity, making it unable to resist vascular shear forces?
Presence of foam cells
What is the consequence of partial or complete vascular obstruction triggered by plaque erosion or rupture?
Tissue infarction
Which term is used to describe plaques that contain large numbers of foam cells and abundant extracellular lipids?
Vulnerable plaques
What causes chest pain in patients with stable angina during modest exertion?
Normal flow at rest and increased demand during exertion
Which type of plaques are at high risk of rupturing due to having thin fibrous caps with few smooth muscle cells?
Vulnerable plaques
Which arteries are most commonly affected by atherosclerosis?
Large elastic arteries and large- to medium-sized muscular arteries
What are the major clinical consequences of atherosclerosis mentioned in the text?
Myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, aortic aneurysm, and peripheral vascular disease
What factors determine the principal pathophysiologic outcome of atherosclerotic lesions?
The size of the affected vessel, the size and stability of the plaques, and the degree to which plaques disrupt the vessel wall
What process is mentioned in the text that initially preserves the luminal diameter of the affected vessel?
Remodeling of the media
What happens when the limits of remodeling are reached?
The atheroma begins to impinge on blood flow
Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of atherosclerosis mentioned in the text?
Pulmonary embolism
Learn about atherosclerosis and the commonly involved large elastic and muscular arteries. Understand how atherosclerosis can lead to conditions like heart attacks, strokes, aortic aneurysms, and peripheral vascular disease.
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