Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a primary cause of resorption atelectasis?
What is a primary cause of resorption atelectasis?
Which type of atelectasis is most commonly associated with pleural effusion?
Which type of atelectasis is most commonly associated with pleural effusion?
What can occur due to a foreign body aspiration, particularly in children?
What can occur due to a foreign body aspiration, particularly in children?
Which condition leads to contraction atelectasis?
Which condition leads to contraction atelectasis?
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How does air accumulation in the pleural cavity affect the lung?
How does air accumulation in the pleural cavity affect the lung?
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What characterizes contraction atelectasis?
What characterizes contraction atelectasis?
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Which statement best describes compression atelectasis?
Which statement best describes compression atelectasis?
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A patient with chronic bronchitis is at risk for which type of atelectasis?
A patient with chronic bronchitis is at risk for which type of atelectasis?
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Study Notes
Atelectasis Definition
- Atelectasis is the partial or complete collapse of a lung or a portion of it
- This collapse results from inadequate expansion of alveoli, reducing gas exchange surface area
Types of Atelectasis
Resorption Atelectasis
- Caused by an obstruction preventing air from reaching distal airways
- Air in the affected alveoli gradually absorbs, leading to collapse
- Common causes include:
- Bronchial obstruction (e.g., mucous plugs, post-operative)
- Foreign body aspiration (especially in children)
- Bronchial asthma
- Bronchiectasis
- Chronic bronchitis
- Intrabronchial tumors (possibly a first sign of malignancy)
Compression Atelectasis
- Caused by accumulation of fluid, blood, or air in the pleural cavity
- Common causes include:
- Pleural effusions (e.g., congestive heart failure)
- Pneumothorax (air in the pleural cavity)
- Basal atelectasis (often in bedridden patients with ascites, or post-surgery due to shallow breathing)
Fluid Accumulation
- Pleural effusion (fluid build-up in pleural cavity) puts pressure on the lung, preventing expansion and causing collapse
- Causes include congestive heart failure
Air Accumulation
- Pneumothorax (air in the pleural cavity) creates pressure that collapses the lung
- Causes include injury, lung disease, or spontaneous occurrences
Blood Accumulation
- Hemothorax (blood in the pleural cavity) exerts pressure on the lung, causing collapse
- Causes include trauma or certain medical conditions
Contraction Atelectasis (Cicatrization Atelectasis)
- Occurs when lung scarring or fibrosis prevents full expansion
- Scarring can be in the lung tissue or pleura
- Leads to collapse of the affected lung area due to impaired air filling
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Description
This quiz explores the definition and types of atelectasis, including resorption and compression atelectasis. It covers causes, mechanisms, and implications related to lung collapse. Understand the significance of alveoli expansion and the consequences of obstructed airways.
