Social Science

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Questions and Answers

What is the Latin name for the constellation that represents the 'Queen of Ethiopia'?

  • Andromeda
  • Cepheus
  • Aquarius
  • Cassiopeia (correct)

What is the Latin name for the constellation that represents the 'Twins'?

  • Cetus
  • Gemini (correct)
  • Aquarius
  • Apus

What is the main reason for the stars not being visible in the day time?

  • The stars are actually very faint and are only visible at night because there is no light from the Sun
  • The Earth's atmosphere scatters sunlight, making it difficult to see the stars during the day (correct)
  • The stars are not actually in the sky during the daytime
  • The Earth's rotation blocks the stars from being seen

Which of the constellation names represents a 'Sea monster (whale)'?

<p>Cetus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the constellation that represents a 'Bird of Paradise'?

<p>Apus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the English name for the constellation with the Latin name 'Aquarius'?

<p>Water bearer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to make the dots of light visible on the wall in the described experiment?

<p>Turn off all other lights in the room (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following planets is NOT an inner planet?

<p>Saturn (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many constellations are there in total?

<p>88 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate thickness of the Earth's mantle?

<p>2,900 km (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between inner and outer planets?

<p>Inner planets are closer to the Sun than outer planets. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the inner planets because of their solid and rocky surfaces?

<p>Terrestrial planets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two primary elements that compose the oceanic crust, giving it the nickname 'SIMA'?

<p>Silicon and Magnesium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these statements about the Earth's core is incorrect?

<p>The core is the Earth's thinnest layer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the main asteroid belt located in our solar system?

<p>Between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason the inner core is solid even though it's extremely hot?

<p>The pressure exerted by the overlying layers is immense. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a meteoroid?

<p>A piece of an asteroid that breaks off and enters Earth's atmosphere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following layers of the Earth is not composed primarily of Silicon and Magnesium?

<p>Continental Crust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere?

<p>It vaporizes and becomes a meteor, creating a streak of light in the sky (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a meteor and a meteorite?

<p>A meteor is a streak of light in the sky, while a meteorite is a rocky body that lands on Earth's surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nickname given to the Earth's core because of its primary constituents?

<p>NIFE (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are outer planets called gas giants?

<p>They are made up of mostly gas and are much larger than inner planets. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the Earth's volume is occupied by the mantle?

<p>84% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the Earth is responsible for the Earth's magnetic field?

<p>Outer Core (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated age of the Earth?

<p>4.6 billion years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the Earth?

<p>Oblate spheroid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT an effect of the Earth's rotation?

<p>Seasons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four main components or subsystems of the Earth?

<p>Lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main components of the Earth's internal structure?

<p>Crust, mantle, and core (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

<p>Igneous rocks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we obtain knowledge about the Earth's internal structure?

<p>Both direct and indirect observation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks, and metamorphic rocks?

<p>Their mode of origin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'pre-history' refer to in the context of archeology?

<p>The time before the development of writing and recording. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are fossils used for in archeological studies?

<p>Identifying the remains of past organisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is not a sub-species within the genus 'Homo'?

<p>Australopithecus afarensis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of archeological sites in the study of human evolution?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of archeology in understanding human evolution?

<p>To identify and study the remains of past human populations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the term 'bi-pedal' in relation to human evolution?

<p>Walking upright on two legs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic that distinguishes 'Homo habilis' from other early hominids?

<p>The ability to make stone tools (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage growth rate of Ethiopia's population from 1960 to 2007?

<p>2.5% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which decade did Ethiopia experience the highest population growth rate based on the provided data?

<p>1970-1984 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text define as the most common and simple measure of fertility?

<p>Birth rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a major component of population dynamics?

<p>Climate Change (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the growth of world population, according to the content?

<p>Human fertility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way a society replenishes itself?

<p>Human Fertility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a biological factor affecting population dynamics?

<p>Fertility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between fertility and birth rate?

<p>Fertility is a broader concept than birth rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Constellations

Patterns formed by groups of stars in the night sky.

Total Constellations

There are 88 constellations that cover the night sky.

Andromeda

A constellation known as Princess of Ethiopia.

Cassiopeia

A constellation known as Queen of Ethiopia.

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Cepheus

A constellation known as King of Ethiopia.

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Aquarius

A constellation known as the Water bearer.

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Cetus

A constellation known as the Sea monster (whale).

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Star Visibility

Stars are not visible during the daytime due to sunlight.

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Orbits

The elliptical paths that planets follow around the Sun.

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Inner planets

The four planets closest to the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars.

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Outer planets

The four planets farthest from the Sun: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.

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Asteroids

Small rocky bodies that orbit the Sun, mainly found in the asteroid belt.

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Asteroid belt

Region between Mars and Jupiter where most asteroids are located.

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Meteoroids

Small pieces broken from asteroids that orbit the Sun.

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Meteors

Meteoroids that vaporize upon entering Earth's atmosphere, creating streaks of light.

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Meteorites

Meteoroids that survive entering the atmosphere and land on Earth.

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Sedimentary Rocks

Rocks formed by the accumulation of sediments over time.

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Earth's Age

The Earth is estimated to be about 4.6 billion years old.

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Oblate Spheroid

The Earth's shape, slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator.

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Rotation of the Earth

Movement of the Earth spinning on its axis, creating day and night.

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Revolution of the Earth

Movement of the Earth around the sun in a fixed orbit.

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Lithosphere

The rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

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Hydrosphere

All the water on the Earth's surface, including oceans and rivers.

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Rock Classification

Rocks are classified into igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic based on origin.

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Oceanic Crust

The outer layer of the Earth consisting mainly of Silicon (Si) and Magnesium (Mg), also called SIMA.

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Mantle

The thickest layer of the Earth, about 2,900 km thick, composed mainly of Silicon and Magnesium, known as SIMA.

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Core

The innermost layer of the Earth made mainly of Nickel (Ni) and Iron (Fe), referred to as NIFE.

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Inner Core

The solid part of the Earth's core, where intense pressure compresses molten metal into solid form.

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Outer Core

The liquid or semi-liquid layer of the Earth’s core, surrounding the inner core.

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SIMA

An acronym for Silicon and Magnesium, referring to the composition of both the oceanic crust and the mantle.

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NIFE

An acronym for Nickel and Iron, used to describe the composition of the Earth's core.

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Earth's Layers

The Earth consists of three main layers: crust, mantle, and core.

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Human Evolution

The gradual development of humans over time from earlier species.

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Archeology

The science of studying human history through artifacts and fossils.

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Fossils

Remains of dead plants, animals, or humans preserved in rocks.

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Homo

The genus that includes modern humans and their close relatives.

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Homo erectus

An extinct human species that lived from about 1.9 million years ago.

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Homo sapiens

The species name for modern humans.

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Pre-history

The period of human history before the invention of writing.

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Bi-pedal

A term describing creatures that walk on two legs, like humans.

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Population Growth Rate

The percentage increase in a population over time, reflecting birth and death rates.

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Fertility

The actual reproductive performance of a population, usually measured by birth rates.

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Mortality

The incidence of death within a population, influencing population size.

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Migration

The movement of people from one location to another, affecting population dynamics.

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Birth Rate (BR)

The number of live births per 1,000 people in a given year, a key fertility measure.

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Population Dynamics

The study of how populations change in size and composition over time.

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Ethiopia's Population Growth (1900-2007)

Population grew from 11.8 million in 1900 to 73.9 million by 2007, with varying growth rates.

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Components of Population Dynamics

The main factors affecting population changes: fertility, mortality, and migration.

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Study Notes

Grade 7 Social Studies Textbook (Ethiopia)

  • This textbook is a property of the school. Students must take good care of it.

  • Here are some tips to maintain the book:

    • Cover the book with protective materials, such as plastic, old newspapers or magazines.
    • Keep the book in a clean, dry place.
    • Keep hands clean when handling the book.
    • Do not write on the cover or inside pages.
    • Use a bookmark, such as paper or cardboard, instead of writing on the pages.
    • Do not tear or cut out pictures or pages.
    • Repair any torn pages with paste or tape
    • Pack the book carefully when putting it in a school bag.
    • Handle the book with care when passing it to someone else, and lay the book flat when reading it.
  • The authors of the textbook are: Abebe Yibeltie Yayehyirad (MA), Dessalew Awaye Derese (BA), Mulugeta Dires Fetene (MA), and Tegegn Degelo Someno (MA).

  • The editors, reviewers, and evaluators of the textbook are: Solomon Wondimu Metaferia (MA), Belay Belete Birhanu (MA), and Getachew Talema Atinafu.

  • The textbook was developed and published in 2022 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

  • The textbook covers a variety of topics in Social Studies for Grade 7, including:

    • Physical characteristics of the Earth
    • Human evolution and world population
    • Human and natural resources
    • Ancient civilizations and medieval history of the world
    • Ancient history of Africa
    • Contemporary global issues.

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