Podcast
Questions and Answers
What adaptation did some hypersensitive astronauts display in relation to foot sole sensitivity in space?
What adaptation did some hypersensitive astronauts display in relation to foot sole sensitivity in space?
- No change in foot sole sensitivity
- Increased foot sole vibration sensitivity (correct)
- Decreased vibration sensitivity
- Reduced foot sole sensitivity to touch
Which test did the astronauts perform poorly on, indicating reduced vestibular function?
Which test did the astronauts perform poorly on, indicating reduced vestibular function?
- SOT-5 test (correct)
- Foot sole sensitivity test
- Equilibrium Score assessment
- Computerized Dynamic Posturography test (CDP)
What does the Neurocom balance platform measure in astronauts?
What does the Neurocom balance platform measure in astronauts?
- Reaction time to stimuli
- Muscle strength
- Coordination of limb movements
- Postural stability (correct)
What does the acronym SOT-5 stand for in the context of vestibular assessment?
What does the acronym SOT-5 stand for in the context of vestibular assessment?
What is the purpose of the Sensory Organization Test (SOT-5) used in astronaut assessments?
What is the purpose of the Sensory Organization Test (SOT-5) used in astronaut assessments?
What is the main implication of increased vibration sensitivity in hypersensitive astronauts?
What is the main implication of increased vibration sensitivity in hypersensitive astronauts?
How does postural stability immediately after returning from the ISS compare to before departure?
How does postural stability immediately after returning from the ISS compare to before departure?
What type of damage occurs due to head trauma, specifically described in the context?
What type of damage occurs due to head trauma, specifically described in the context?
What adaptation is assessed in astronauts during their stay on the ISS?
What adaptation is assessed in astronauts during their stay on the ISS?
What is one effect of a coup injury in the context of head trauma?
What is one effect of a coup injury in the context of head trauma?
What characteristic of the postural stabilograms indicates more swaying?
What characteristic of the postural stabilograms indicates more swaying?
What term is used to describe long-term effects resulting from repeated brain injuries?
What term is used to describe long-term effects resulting from repeated brain injuries?
Which factors did researchers consider when testing astronauts' sensitivity to vibration?
Which factors did researchers consider when testing astronauts' sensitivity to vibration?
Which system plays a significant role in concussion, as mentioned?
Which system plays a significant role in concussion, as mentioned?
What does the acronym SOT stand for in the context of astronaut assessments?
What does the acronym SOT stand for in the context of astronaut assessments?
What was a key finding about astronauts' balance control after their return from the ISS?
What was a key finding about astronauts' balance control after their return from the ISS?
Which tool is primarily used in clinical settings to rate symptoms of concussion?
Which tool is primarily used in clinical settings to rate symptoms of concussion?
What does the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT-5) focus on?
What does the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT-5) focus on?
Which of the following is an app-based tool used for tracking concussion testing?
Which of the following is an app-based tool used for tracking concussion testing?
What is the main function of the Protxx device?
What is the main function of the Protxx device?
Which statement accurately describes the effect of head trauma on the vestibular system?
Which statement accurately describes the effect of head trauma on the vestibular system?
Which type of impact generates the highest rotational accelerations?
Which type of impact generates the highest rotational accelerations?
What is the purpose of the Sensory Organization Tests?
What is the purpose of the Sensory Organization Tests?
Which factor contributes to higher linear translations in football compared to other sports?
Which factor contributes to higher linear translations in football compared to other sports?
What major concern arises from severe head trauma related to blood vessels?
What major concern arises from severe head trauma related to blood vessels?
What is indicated by a high-density crescent-shaped fluid collection on a CT scan after a head injury?
What is indicated by a high-density crescent-shaped fluid collection on a CT scan after a head injury?
Which statement about Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is true?
Which statement about Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is true?
What cognitive symptoms are often associated with CTE?
What cognitive symptoms are often associated with CTE?
What are the consequences of severe head trauma evidenced by historical incidents in sports?
What are the consequences of severe head trauma evidenced by historical incidents in sports?
What type of hematoma is characterized by a high-density area within the brain's subcortical region?
What type of hematoma is characterized by a high-density area within the brain's subcortical region?
What type of professional activity is associated with a higher risk of developing CTE?
What type of professional activity is associated with a higher risk of developing CTE?
What result from autopsies indicates severe neurological damage related to CTE?
What result from autopsies indicates severe neurological damage related to CTE?
What does it mean when visual information is described as 'sway referenced'?
What does it mean when visual information is described as 'sway referenced'?
Which test is particularly sensitive to detecting vestibular dysfunction in individuals with concussions?
Which test is particularly sensitive to detecting vestibular dysfunction in individuals with concussions?
How do career fighters' vestibular system responses compare to non-fighters based on their history of Repetitive Head Impacts (RHI)?
How do career fighters' vestibular system responses compare to non-fighters based on their history of Repetitive Head Impacts (RHI)?
What effect was observed in lower-limb muscles during sparring matches at lighter intensities?
What effect was observed in lower-limb muscles during sparring matches at lighter intensities?
What does a 'locked ankle at 90°' imply for somatosensory receptor activation?
What does a 'locked ankle at 90°' imply for somatosensory receptor activation?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between vestibular system aging and fighters?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between vestibular system aging and fighters?
What is indicated by the presence of a Short Latency Response (SLR)?
What is indicated by the presence of a Short Latency Response (SLR)?
Which statement is true regarding Stochastic Vestibular Stimulation (SVS)?
Which statement is true regarding Stochastic Vestibular Stimulation (SVS)?
What is the primary cause of a contre-coup injury?
What is the primary cause of a contre-coup injury?
What major change occurs in nerve cells as a result of tearing the cell membrane during diffuse axonal injury?
What major change occurs in nerve cells as a result of tearing the cell membrane during diffuse axonal injury?
What imaging technique is commonly used to detect severe damage from diffuse axonal injury?
What imaging technique is commonly used to detect severe damage from diffuse axonal injury?
What is a significant risk of severe diffuse axonal injury related to blood vessels?
What is a significant risk of severe diffuse axonal injury related to blood vessels?
How are sub-concussive impacts generally detected in brain imaging scans?
How are sub-concussive impacts generally detected in brain imaging scans?
Which characteristic of hyperintense regions indicates that diffuse axonal injury has occurred?
Which characteristic of hyperintense regions indicates that diffuse axonal injury has occurred?
What impact do ionic imbalances have on nerve cells during diffuse axonal injury?
What impact do ionic imbalances have on nerve cells during diffuse axonal injury?
What consequence can result from severe tearing of blood vessels during a traumatic brain injury?
What consequence can result from severe tearing of blood vessels during a traumatic brain injury?
Flashcards
Contre-Coup
Contre-Coup
A brain injury where the brain hits the skull on the opposite side of the initial impact.
Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI)
Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI)
Damage to the brain caused by the stretching and tearing of nerve fibers. Impacts can be severe or 'sub-concussive'.
Sub-concussive Impacts
Sub-concussive Impacts
These impacts often do not show up on brain scans, but the damage is still happening at the microscopic level.
Hyperintense Regions
Hyperintense Regions
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Hematoma
Hematoma
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Computed Tomography (CT Scan)
Computed Tomography (CT Scan)
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI Scan)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI Scan)
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Brain Hemorrhage
Brain Hemorrhage
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Subdural Hematoma
Subdural Hematoma
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Intracerebral Hematoma
Intracerebral Hematoma
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Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)
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CTE Symptoms
CTE Symptoms
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CTE Risk Factors
CTE Risk Factors
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CTE Brain Damage
CTE Brain Damage
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Sensorimotor Adaptation
Sensorimotor Adaptation
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Microgravity
Microgravity
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International Space Station (ISS)
International Space Station (ISS)
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Astronaut Training
Astronaut Training
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Neurocom Balance Platform
Neurocom Balance Platform
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Postural Stabilogram
Postural Stabilogram
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SOT-5 (Sensory Organization Test)
SOT-5 (Sensory Organization Test)
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Cutaneous Receptors
Cutaneous Receptors
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Diffuse Axonal Damage
Diffuse Axonal Damage
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Contrecoup Injury
Contrecoup Injury
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Clinical Tools for Assessing Concussion
Clinical Tools for Assessing Concussion
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Vestibular System
Vestibular System
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Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)
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Axonal Sheering Forces
Axonal Sheering Forces
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Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT-5)
Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT-5)
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HeadCheck Health
HeadCheck Health
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Protxx
Protxx
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Sway Referencing
Sway Referencing
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Sensory Organization Tests
Sensory Organization Tests
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Head Trauma Forces
Head Trauma Forces
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Optic Flow Reduction
Optic Flow Reduction
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SOT-5 Test
SOT-5 Test
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Anterolateral Sway
Anterolateral Sway
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Stochastic Vestibular Stimulation (SVS)
Stochastic Vestibular Stimulation (SVS)
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Vestibulospinal Reflex (VSR) Amplitude
Vestibulospinal Reflex (VSR) Amplitude
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VSR Response in Fighters
VSR Response in Fighters
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VSR Amplitude Change During Sparring
VSR Amplitude Change During Sparring
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Short Latency Response (SLR) and Medium Latency Response (MLR)
Short Latency Response (SLR) and Medium Latency Response (MLR)
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Study Notes
Lecture 18: Humans in Space: Adaptations in Microgravity II
- Sensorimotor Adaptation in Space: Research examines how astronauts' sensory and motor systems adapt to microgravity.
- Astronaut Training and Research: This includes training programs and studies conducted on astronauts.
- Selective skin sensitivity changes and sensory reweighting following short-duration space flight: Studies show changes in sensitivity to vibration in astronauts before and after space missions, impacting cutaneous receptors.
- Lowrey et al 2014 study: This study investigated selective skin sensitivity changes and sensory reweighting following short-duration space flight. Their experiment involved testing astronauts before and after their stay on the ISS, observing vibration sensitivity variations.
Lecture 18: Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries (mTBI) & Concussion
- Diffuse Axonal Damage: Head trauma damages brain tissue resulting in neuronal damage.
- Brain Hemorrhage (Hematoma): Severe head trauma can lead to bleeding in the brain, a critical concern.
- Long-Term Effects – Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE): Repeated concussions can cause CTE, a progressive neurological disorder.
- Clinical Tools for Assessing Concussion: The Glasgow Coma Scale, SCAT-5 and HeadCheck Health are used to assess concussion severity and monitor recovery.
- Role of Vestibular System in Concussion: Head trauma can damage the vestibular system altering balance, and posture. This can manifest in abnormal responses or decreased coordination.
Specific Research and Concepts
- Sensorimotor Adaptations in Space (further research/concepts): Studies involve measuring postural stability, evaluating the effects of microgravity, and analyzing how adaptations in cutaneous receptors relate to various vestibular functions.
- **Neurocom Balance Platform:**Used in assessing postural stability, detecting any imbalance or swaying in patient's posture.
- Sensorimotor Adaptation in Space: Assesses sensitivity to vibration before and after space missions (using four types of cutaneous receptors and specific frequencies).
- Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE): Repeated head injuries lead to CTE, characterized by progressive damage to the brain. Symptoms manifest in personality changes and memory loss.
- Glasgow Coma Scale: Clinically used to rate concussion severity based on eye opening, verbal response, and motor response.
- Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT-5): Widely used, participant-driven scale for assessing concussion symptoms, used in various sports and leagues.
- Protxx: A company creating wearable technology for measuring balance and detecting concussion in athletes.
- Stochastic Vestibular Stimulation (SVS): Researchers use this to stimulate the vestibular system to study how concussions impact and how the vestibular system recovers.
- Vestibulospinal Reflex (VSR): Lower-limb muscle responses during head movements, reflecting vestibular system function. Drop in VSR amplitude can be a sign of concussion, even at lower levels of impact.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the vestibular assessments performed on astronauts in space. This quiz covers adaptations, tests, and implications related to balance and sensitivity in microgravity conditions. Explore how astronauts' postural stability is affected before and after missions, along with the effects of head trauma.
