Asthma Overview and Management
27 Questions
100 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are key pathophysiologic features and contributing factors to asthma severity and control?

What are the key assessment components when collecting asthma-specific history and physical exam?

What are common diagnostic and monitoring methods for asthma?

How can the NAEPP EPR3 Guidelines classification system be applied to assess asthma severity and control?

Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to practice applying treatment guidelines for stepwise approach to asthma pharmacotherapy?

Signup and view all the answers

How can pharmacotherapeutic management be individualized to a patient's specific needs and comorbidities?

Signup and view all the answers

What are the appropriate delivery techniques for common asthma devices including metered-dose inhalers and nebulizer therapy?

Signup and view all the answers

What are the key elements of asthma education and how can common myths be addressed?

Signup and view all the answers

What does NAEPP stand for?

<p>National Asthma Education &amp; Prevention Program</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does EPR-3 stand for?

<p>Expert Panel Report #3</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does FEV1 represent?

<p>Forced expiratory volume in 1st second</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does FVC signify?

<p>Forced vital capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does MDI stand for?

<p>Metered-dose inhaler</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does VHC mean?

<p>Valved-Holding Chamber</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ICS stand for?

<p>Inhaled corticosteroid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SABA represent?

<p>Short-acting beta2-agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does LABA mean?

<p>Long-acting beta2-agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does LTRA signify?

<p>Leukotriene receptor antagonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does CFC stand for?

<p>Chlorofluorocarbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does HFA represent?

<p>Hydrofluoroalkane</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does DPI stand for?

<p>Dry powder inhaler</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the burden of asthma?

<p>Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the National Asthma Education & Prevention Program (NAEPP)?

<p>To address the growing problem of asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

What summarization does the EPR-3 provide?

<p>Summarizes extensive evidence that guidelines lead to reduced asthma symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Asthma is ____

<p>a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable and recurring symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of chronic airway inflammation in asthma?

<p>Mast cell activation, inflammatory cell infiltration, edema, and smooth muscle thickening.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the risk factors for developing asthma?

<p>Family history, socioeconomic factors, race/ethnicity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Asthma Overview

  • Asthma affects approximately 300 million individuals globally, making it one of the most prevalent chronic diseases.
  • Increasing asthma prevalence, particularly in children, is noted in many countries.
  • Asthma leads to significant absenteeism from school and work, with high healthcare expenditures—1-2% of healthcare spending in developed nations, rising demand in developing economies.
  • Poorly controlled asthma can be costly; investing in preventive medication can reduce emergency care costs.

National Asthma Education & Prevention Program (NAEPP)

  • Established by the NHLBI in 1989 to combat the increasing asthma problem.
  • Initial Expert Panel Report (EPR) was published in 1991, with revisions in subsequent years (EPR-2 in 1997, updates in 2002, and EPR-3 in August 2007).
  • EPR-3 outlines significant evidence-based guidelines aimed at reducing asthma symptoms and improving quality of life.

Asthma Medical Management

  • Asthma is characterized as a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with recurring symptoms, airflow obstruction, and bronchial hyper-responsiveness.
  • Management involves recognizing pathophysiological features, assessing severity through NAEPP EPR-3 guidelines, and tailoring treatments based on individual patient needs and comorbidities.
  • Six treatment steps within the EPR-3 guidelines facilitate a stepwise approach to asthma pharmacotherapy, promoting step-up or step-down strategies as needed.

Common Asthma Devices

  • Metered-Dose Inhalers (MDI) are essential for delivering short-acting and long-acting bronchodilators.
  • Valved-Holding Chambers (VHC) enhance MDI medication delivery and efficacy.
  • Dry Powder Inhalers (DPI) provide a convenient alternative for patients, ensuring proper technique is crucial for effectiveness.
  • Nebulizer therapy is an option for extensive delivery of medications, especially in severe cases.

Risk Factors for Asthma

  • Genetic predisposition significantly increases the likelihood of developing asthma, particularly with a family history of the condition.
  • Other contributing factors include socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, gender variations, prematurity or low birth weight, and environmental influences such as maternal smoking and dietary habits lacking fruits and vegetables.

Asthma Inflammation Characteristics

  • The chronic airway inflammation associated with asthma involves activation of mast cells and infiltration by various inflammatory cells (eosinophils, macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes).
  • Features include airway edema, goblet cell hyperplasia resulting in excessive mucus production, and smooth muscle thickening, which can lead to irreversible airway remodeling.

Key Terms

  • FEV1: Forced Expiratory Volume in 1st second; an important measure of lung function.
  • FVC: Forced Vital Capacity; total volume of air forcibly exhaled after a deep breath.
  • ICS: Inhaled Corticosteroid; anti-inflammatory medication used in asthma control.
  • SABA: Short-acting Beta2-agonist; typically used as a rescue inhaler for immediate relief.
  • LABA: Long-acting Beta2-agonist; used for ongoing asthma management.
  • LTRA: Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist; another class of medication to help manage asthma symptoms.

Education and Myths

  • Essential elements include education on asthma management, recognizing and dispelling common myths, especially when communicating with children and families.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Description

Explore the global impact of asthma, its increasing prevalence, and the efforts undertaken by the National Asthma Education & Prevention Program. Understand the significance of medical management and the importance of preventive care in controlling this chronic disease.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser