Assessment of Food Quality - Instrumental Techniques

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Questions and Answers

What is the principle of operation of biological olfactory cells?

Ion channel opening in the sensory neurons

Changes in resistance in the active material layer

Opening of the calcium channels in the epithelial cells

Phenomenon of depolarization of their epithelium (correct)

What is the main advantage of E-nose over other methods of food quality assessment?

Highly sensitive to volatile compounds

Can be used for complex mixtures of odorants

Cheap and quick analysis (correct)

Can detect a wide range of odorants

What is the purpose of pattern recognition in E-nose?

To identify simple and complex odours (correct)

To quantify the concentration of volatile compounds

To detect the presence of specific odorants

To differentiate between similar odours

What is the EU law definition of 'traceability'?

The ability to track any food through all stages of production, processing and distribution Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between human and electronic noses?

The way signals about odorants are received Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of E-nose?

Many branches of industry where aroma plays a significant role Signup and view all the answers

What is a major limitation of sensory analysis in evaluating organoleptic food properties?

Influence of human factors such as olfactory sensitivity and physical state Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of instrumental analysis over sensory analysis?

It is less prone to human error Signup and view all the answers

Which instrumental technique is used to analyze the aroma of a product as a whole, without identifying individual compounds?

Electronic nose Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the olfactometric port in GC-O analysis?

To enable quantitative and qualitative odor evaluation Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used to examine single compounds responsible for the aroma of a product?

Gas chromatography-olfactometry Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of electronic nose technology?

Quality control in food processing Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of sensory analysis in terms of repeatability and reproducibility?

It has low repeatability and reproducibility of results Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of GC-O over electronic nose technology?

It can identify individual aroma compounds Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classical Methods in Organoleptic Quality Evaluation

Based on sensory analysis by a group of trained panelists
Limited by human factors (olfactory sensitivity, well-being, physical and mental state, tiredness, anosmia)

Instrumental Analysis

Complements sensory analysis
Offers advantages over sensory analysis (repeatability, reproducibility, compound identification, quantitative analysis)

Chromatographic Techniques

Gas chromatography is one of the most often employed methods
Enables analysis of individual aromatic compounds
Gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) examines single compounds responsible for aroma

Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry (GC-O)

Technique based on sensory evaluation of eluate from chromatographic column by trained assessors
Allows for quantitative and qualitative odor evaluation
Enables description, duration, and intensity evaluation of odorous stimuli
Identifies compounds responsible for unique aroma or taints of food products

Electronic Nose (E-nose)

Device consisting of a matrix of electrochemical sensors selective for certain volatile compounds
Equipped with a pattern recognition system for identification of simple and complex odors
Cheap, fast, and an alternative to expensive food quality assessment methods

Functioning of Electronic Nose

Sensors employ changes in resistance and other physical and chemo-physical phenomena
Similar to biological olfactory cells, which function based on depolarization of epithelium (sodium-potassium pump principle)

Applications of Electronic Nose

Designed for use in industries where aroma plays a significant role

Food Traceability

Under EU law, means the ability to track food, feed, food-producing animals, or substances through all stages of production, processing, and distribution

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Description

This quiz covers the use of instrumental techniques, including E-nose devices, for assessing food quality. Learn about the advantages of these methods over traditional approaches.