Assessing Renal Function Quiz

Questions and Answers

To identify potential infections in the urinary tract

To measure the amount of urine produced by the kidneys

To assess the ability of the bladder to store urine

To determine the concentration of solutes in the urine (correct)

Because it is not collected under controlled conditions

Because it is not representative of the urine's concentration after a period of dehydration

Because it is contaminated with bacteria overnight

Because it reflects the overnight fluid intake, not the current kidney function (correct)

Diabetes insipidus

Excessive fluid intake

Dehydration (correct)

Chronic kidney disease

Consistent and unchanging Signup and view all the answers

To store and release urine Signup and view all the answers

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

To filter waste products from the blood Signup and view all the answers

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Urine concentration test and urine dilution test are used to assess tubular function
Specific proteinuria or tubular proteinuria, aminoaciduria, and phenosulfonphthalein (PSP) test are also used

Blood analysis of urea and creatinine is used to assess renal function
Impairment of renal function results in elevation of blood urea (normal: 20-40 mg/dl) and creatinine (normal: 0.5-1.5 mg/dl)
Creatinine is more sensitive than urea due to its less reliance on dietary protein and liver function

Microscopic examination of urine involves analysis of cells (RBC, WBC, and pus cells), crystals (calcium phosphate, ca.oxalates, and amorphous phosphates), and casts (hyaline casts, granular casts, and RBC casts)

Urine specific gravity is an indicator of osmolality
Normal specific gravity is 1.015-1.025
Fixed specific gravity at 1.010 (isosthenuria) is an early manifestation of renal damage
Concentration test involves emptying the bladder and discarding the morning specimen