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ما الذي يسهل دمج البيانات في نظام العمليات الرئيسية؟
ما الذي يسهل دمج البيانات في نظام العمليات الرئيسية؟
يساعد دمج البيانات في تحقيق مرونة أكبر في الاستجابة لطلبات العملاء.
يساعد دمج البيانات في تحقيق مرونة أكبر في الاستجابة لطلبات العملاء.
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ما هي الفائدة الرئيسية من دمج البيانات في العمليات الرئيسية؟
ما هي الفائدة الرئيسية من دمج البيانات في العمليات الرئيسية؟
تحسين دقة تنفيذ الطلبات وسرعة نقل المعلومات.
تمكن البيانات المدمجة من تحقيق ______ أكبر في الاستجابة لطلبات العملاء.
تمكن البيانات المدمجة من تحقيق ______ أكبر في الاستجابة لطلبات العملاء.
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قم بمطابقة العوامل مع فوائدها:
قم بمطابقة العوامل مع فوائدها:
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ما المقصود بالحوسبة المؤسسية؟
ما المقصود بالحوسبة المؤسسية؟
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أنظمة المعلومات مقتصرة فقط على الأعمال الإلكترونية.
أنظمة المعلومات مقتصرة فقط على الأعمال الإلكترونية.
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ما هي العلاقة بين الحوسبة المؤسسية والأعمال الإلكترونية؟
ما هي العلاقة بين الحوسبة المؤسسية والأعمال الإلكترونية؟
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تسهم أنظمة المعلومات في __________ اتخاذ القرار داخل المؤسسات.
تسهم أنظمة المعلومات في __________ اتخاذ القرار داخل المؤسسات.
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طابق بين المصطلحات التالية ومعانيها:
طابق بين المصطلحات التالية ومعانيها:
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ما هي إحدى مكونات البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات؟
ما هي إحدى مكونات البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات؟
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منصات أنظمة التشغيل جزء من مكونات البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات.
منصات أنظمة التشغيل جزء من مكونات البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات.
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اذكر مكونين من مكونات البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات.
اذكر مكونين من مكونات البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات.
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تتكون البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات من عدة مكونات، منها ______ و______.
تتكون البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات من عدة مكونات، منها ______ و______.
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قم بمطابقة مكونات البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات مع وصفها:
قم بمطابقة مكونات البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات مع وصفها:
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ما هي أحد الشركات الرائدة في سوق خوادم أجهزة الإنترنت؟
ما هي أحد الشركات الرائدة في سوق خوادم أجهزة الإنترنت؟
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الشركات الكبيرة لديها الموارد اللازمة لدعم كامل للبنية التحتية المعقدة.
الشركات الكبيرة لديها الموارد اللازمة لدعم كامل للبنية التحتية المعقدة.
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ما هي الأدوات التي تستخدم لتطوير الويب من Microsoft؟
ما هي الأدوات التي تستخدم لتطوير الويب من Microsoft؟
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شركات مثل ____ و ____ و ____ هي من الشركات الرائدة في خدمات الاستشارات.
شركات مثل ____ و ____ و ____ هي من الشركات الرائدة في خدمات الاستشارات.
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ما هي التطبيقات التي تُستخدم عادةً لإدارة البيانات وتخزينها؟
ما هي التطبيقات التي تُستخدم عادةً لإدارة البيانات وتخزينها؟
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قم بمطابقة الأنظمة مع أوصافها:
قم بمطابقة الأنظمة مع أوصافها:
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منصات الاتصالات تشمل أيضًا إدارة البيانات.
منصات الاتصالات تشمل أيضًا إدارة البيانات.
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اذكر واحدًا من الاستخدامات الأساسية لتطبيقات برمجيات المؤسسات.
اذكر واحدًا من الاستخدامات الأساسية لتطبيقات برمجيات المؤسسات.
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تُستخدم ______ في توفير منصات الاتصالات.
تُستخدم ______ في توفير منصات الاتصالات.
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طابق بين العناصر التالية واستخداماتها:
طابق بين العناصر التالية واستخداماتها:
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ما هي الفائدة من تحسين العلاقة مع العملاء والموردين؟
ما هي الفائدة من تحسين العلاقة مع العملاء والموردين؟
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الميزة التنافسية تعني أن الشركة تستطيع التفوق على المنافسين من خلال تقديم منتجات أو خدمات أفضل.
الميزة التنافسية تعني أن الشركة تستطيع التفوق على المنافسين من خلال تقديم منتجات أو خدمات أفضل.
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كيف يمكن لتحسين العلاقة مع الموردين أن يؤثر على الأداء العام للشركة؟
كيف يمكن لتحسين العلاقة مع الموردين أن يؤثر على الأداء العام للشركة؟
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تعتبر _____ إحدى فوائد تحسين العلاقة مع العملاء لأنها تساعد في تحقيق مبيعات أعلى.
تعتبر _____ إحدى فوائد تحسين العلاقة مع العملاء لأنها تساعد في تحقيق مبيعات أعلى.
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قم بمطابقة الفوائد مع وصفها:
قم بمطابقة الفوائد مع وصفها:
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Study Notes
Enterprise Computing - Introduction
- Enterprise computing encompasses computer information systems designed to aid enterprises in achieving their objectives.
- Information systems are comprised of interconnected components, managing information to support decision-making and control processes. These systems also aid analysis, visualization, and product creation.
- Information technology encompasses the hardware and software utilized by businesses to meet their objectives.
Organizations
- Organizations are formal social and legal structures that handle resources from the environment to produce outputs.
- Organizational characteristics include hierarchical structures, accountability and authority within impartial decision-making systems, adherence to efficiency principles, and established routines/business processes.
- Organizational structure dictates how an organization’s activities are divided, organized, and coordinated. Common structures include functional, divisional, and matrix structures.
Business Processes
- Routines, or standard operating procedures, are precise rules and practices designed for most anticipated scenarios.
- Business processes are collections of routines.
- Examples of functional business processes include manufacturing/production, assembling products, sales/marketing (customer identification), finance/accounting (creating financial statements), and human resources (hiring employees).
IT and Business Processes
- IT significantly influences business processes. It enhances efficiency by automating tasks, enables new processes, streamlines information flow, and reduces decision-making delays.
- Technologies are used to serve specific management groups.
Transaction Processing Systems
- Transaction processing systems support operational managers and staff by performing and recording daily routine transactions necessary for conducting business operations. Examples include sales order entry, payroll, and shipping.
- They also empower managers to monitor operations and external relations.
- These systems function within predefined and structured goals and decision-making parameters.
Business Intelligence Systems
- Business intelligence uses data and software tools to organize and analyze data. Its objective is to equip managers and users with improved decision-making capabilities.
- Business intelligence systems include management information systems (MIS), decision support systems (DSS), and executive support systems (ESS).
Management Information Systems (MIS)
- MIS serve primarily middle management.
- Reports on an organization’s current performance, based on TPS data, are provided by this system.
- These systems also provide routine answer-oriented responses to queries, using standardized procedures.
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
- DSS aid middle management in nonroutine decision-making activities.
- This system may also use external information (e.g., TPS/MIS data).
Executive Support Systems (ESS)
- ESS supports senior management.
- Their function includes handling nonroutine decision-making activities requiring judgment, evaluation, and insight.
- These systems often integrate external data (e.g., competitor information, new tax laws), in addition to summarized information from MIS/DSS.
Enterprise Applications
- Enterprise applications are designed to link enterprises and bridge functional areas.
- They execute business processes across the entire organization and support all levels of management.
- Four major types of applications include enterprise systems (often called ERP or Enterprise Resource Planning), supply chain management systems, customer relationship management (CRM) systems, and knowledge management (KM) systems.
Enterprise Systems (ERP)
- Enterprise systems integrate data from key business processes into a single system, facilitating rapid information communication throughout the organization.
- This approach enables greater flexibility and improves order fulfillment accuracy in responding to customer requests.
- They enable managers to gain a comprehensive overview of operations.
Supply Chain Management (SCM)
- SCM systems manage relationships with suppliers, distributors, and logistics companies.
- They handle information about orders, production processes, inventory levels, and more.
- The goal is to move products from source to consumption point effectively, rapidly, and affordably.
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
- CRM systems support effective relationship management with customers.
- They coordinate business processes that deal with customers through sales, marketing, and customer service efforts. Key goals include optimizing revenue, improving customer satisfaction, and increasing customer retention.
Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)
- KMS manage the process of capturing, applying, and making knowledge readily available throughout the enterprise, to improve business processes and management decisions.
- KMS link organizations to external knowledge sources.
Intranets and Extranets
- Intranets are internal networks that adhere to Internet standards; often, these are restricted to a particular business's Web site.
- Extranets are company Web sites accessible only to authorized suppliers, facilitating collaborations with external parties.
E-Business, E-Commerce, and E-Government
- E-business is the use of digital technologies and the Internet to initiate or manage major business processes.
- E-commerce is a subset of e-business, involving online buying and selling of goods and services.
- E-government leverages Internet technology to provide information and services to citizens, employees, and businesses.
Organizing the Information Systems Function
- IT governance covers strategies and policies for effectively and appropriately deploying IT within an organization.
- Key components in IT governance include decision rights, accountability, and organizing the information systems function (e.g., centralized/decentralized).
IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
- IT infrastructure comprises physical devices and software needed to operate an organization effectively. Services are delivered through human and technical capabilities including computing platforms, physical facilities management, IT management, and training.
Defining IT Infrastructure
- IT infrastructure comprises the array of physical devices and software that companies require to function.
- Specific components include computing platforms, physical facilities management, IT management, and training.
Connection Between Firm, IT Infrastructure, and Business Capabilities
- There exists a close relationship between a firm's organizational strategy, IT strategy, IT services and infrastructure, customer service, supplier services, and enterprise services.
Evolution of IT Infrastructure
- IT infrastructure evolves through distinct phases: general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer era (1959-present), personal computer era (1981-present), client/server era (1983-present), enterprise computing era (1992-present), and cloud and mobile computing (2000-present).
Components of IT Infrastructure
- Components of IT infrastructure include computer hardware platforms (desktops, laptops, mobile devices, servers, mainframes), operating system platforms (Windows Server, Unix, Linux, client-level operating systems), enterprise software applications (ERP systems, middleware), data management & storage (Databases, DBMS), networking/telecommunication platforms (Internet connections, network operating systems), Internet platforms (Web hosting, routers, cabling), and consulting/system integration services.
The IT Infrastructure Ecosystem
- A network of interconnected components involved in data management, internet services, computer hardware, operations systems, and enterprise software applications.
Computer Hardware Platforms
- Client machines: Desktop computers, laptops, and mobile computing devices (smartphones, tablets).
- Servers: Mainframes (e.g., IBM mainframes) and servers supporting banking and communication networks.
Operating System Platforms
- Corporate servers use Windows Server, Unix, and Linux.
- Client-level operating systems, like Microsoft Windows, Android, iOS, Windows 10, and Google's Chrome OS are widely used.
Enterprise Applications
- Firms invest considerable sums in enterprise software applications (e.g., SAP, Oracle), with middleware services provided by companies like IBM and Oracle.
Data Management and Storage
- Database software providers include IBM, Oracle, Microsoft, Sybase, MySQL, and Apache Hadoop; physical data storage is handled by companies like Dell and Hewlett-Packard.
Networking/Telecommunications Platforms
- Network operating systems (Windows Server, Linux, Unix) and network hardware providers (Cisco, Juniper Networks) are integral to IT infrastructure. Telecom services, often managed by providers such as AT&T and Verizon, are also essential.
Internet Platforms
- Internet platforms, encompassing hardware, software, and management services, are critical for supporting company websites.
Consulting and System Integration Services
- Companies like Accenture, IBM, HP, Infosys, and Wipro provide consulting and system integration services.
Current Trends in Computer Hardware Platforms
- Mobile digital platforms (smartphones, tablets, e-readers, and other devices are currently in high demand.)
- Consumerization of IT (IT is influenced by consumer technologies and preferences) and BYOD strategies (bring your own device)
- Quantum computing, virtualization, cloud computing (IaaS,PaaS, and SaaS) and edge computing are also dominant trends..
Current Trends in Software Platforms
- Open-source software (Linux, Apache, Firefox, and OpenOffice for example.) The trend is toward incorporating this type of software.
- Web services and service-oriented architectures (reuse of services) are being developed.
Dealing with Platform and Infrastructure Change
- Firms must accommodate IT infrastructure adaptability and scalability (as firms develop or shrink it needs to change to accommodate new needs or requirements), new technologies like cloud computing and mobile computing, and relevant operational policies and procedures. Contractual agreements with cloud platforms and vendors are often a necessary part of the strategy.
Management and IT Governance
- Management issues related to IT governance include determining who controls IT infrastructure, how IT departments should be structured (centralized or decentralized), and how to make wise infrastructure investments.
Business Intelligence Infrastructure
- This encompasses related analytic tools, including data warehousing, data marts, Hadoop systems, and contemporary business intelligence infrastructure.
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
- OLAP provides rapid, online access to ad-hoc inquiries facilitated by multidimensional data analysis (ex: analyzing sales data across different regions and time periods simultaneously.)
Data Mining
- This is a process of discovering patterns and relationships within large amounts of data. Various techniques are used, such as finding customer buying patterns, inferring rules to predict future behavior, and employing techniques including associations, sequences, classifications, clustering, and forecasting.
Text and Web Mining
- These techniques are tools that extract key elements and analyze information from large sets of unstructured data (like web pages.)
Internet of Things (IoT)
- Connected sensors and devices collect data, enabling interactions and communication between objects and people (or machines) without human intervention.
Green Computing
- Practices and technologies for optimizing manufacturing, use, and disposal of computing and networking hardware are central to environmentally focused IT strategies.
Data and Information
- Raw facts are considered data, while organized and meaningful data representing information.
File Organization Concepts
- Concepts related to file organization include databases, files, records, fields, entities, and attributes.
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هذا الاختبار يركز على دمج البيانات في نظام العمليات الرئيسية وفوائد الحوسبة المؤسسية. يتناول أيضًا مكونات البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات وعلاقتها بأعمال المؤسسات. يمكن أن يساعدك في فهم كيفية تحسين استجابة العملاء من خلال التكنولوجيا.
